Importance of intestinal colonisation in the maturation of humoral immunity in early infancy: a prospective follow up study of healthy infants aged 0-6 months

Grönlund, Minna-Maija; Arvilommi, Heikki; Kero, Pentti; Lehtonen, O-P; Isolauri, Erika

doi:10.1136/fn.83.3.f186

Cited by 235 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Breast milk is superior over artificial formula in many aspects, including its effect on the development of intestinal microflora. Breast-fed infants have a higher level of intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli [1,2] , both of which are known to be potentially beneficial to the health of their hosts [3,4] . It is likely that oligosaccharides in human milk are more beneficial to intestinal flora [5][6][7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low level of galacto-oligosaccharide in infant formula stimulates growth of intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli

Xiao-ming¹,

Li²,

Feng³

et al. 2008

WJG

132

130

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AIM:To investigate the effect of a new infant formula supplemented with a low level (0.24 g/100 mL) of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) on intestinal micro-flora (Bifidobacteria , Lactobacilli and E. coli ) and fermentation characteristics in term infants, compared with human milk and a standard infant formula without GOS. METHODS: Term infants (n = 371) were approached in this study in three hospitals of China. All infants started breast-feeding. Those who changed to formula-feeding within 4 wk after birth were randomly assigned to one of the two formula groups. Growth and stool characteristics, and side effects that occurred in recruited infants were recorded in a 3-mo follow-up period. Fecal samples were collected from a subpopulation of recruited infants for analysis of intestinal bacteria (culture technique), acetic acid (gas chromatography) and pH (indicator strip). RESULTS:After 3 mo, the intestinal Bifidobacteria , Lactobacilli , acetic acid and stool frequency were significantly increased, and fecal pH was decreased in infants fed with the GOS-formula or human milk, compared with those fed with the formula without GOS. No significant differences were observed between the GOS formula and human milk groups. Supplementation with GOS did not influence the incidence of crying, regurgitation and vomiting. CONCLUSION: A low level of GOS (0.24 g/100 mL) in infant formula can improve stool frequency, decrease fecal pH, and stimulate intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli as in those fed with human milk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low level of galacto-oligosaccharide in infant formula stimulates growth of intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli

Xiao-ming¹,

Li²,

Feng³

et al. 2008

WJG

132

130

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“…This intestinal microbiota provides the most important contact with the environment for the host and a barrier against harmful food components and pathogenic bacteria [1,2] . The microbiota has also been shown to have a direct impact on the morphology of the gut [3] and it plays an important role in the intestinal immuno-physiological regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the bifidobacterial microbiota in the colonic mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer, diverticulitis and inflammatory bowel disease

Gueimonde

Ouwehand²,

Huhtinen³

et al. 2007

WJG

107

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AIM:To characterize the bifidobacterial microbiota of the colonic mucosa in patients with colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease or diverticulitis. METHODS:A sample of the distal colonic mucosa was taken during surgery from a total of 34 patients, twenty-one with diagnosed colorectal cancer, nine with diverticulitis and four with inflammatory bowel disease, requiring surgery for their condition. Bacterial DNA was extracted from the resected mucosal samples and bifidobacterial mucosa-associated microbiota was qualitatively and quantitatively determined by means of qualitative and quantitative PCR. RESULTS:Bifidobacteria were found in 100% of the samples from patients with diverticulitis or IBD and a 76% of those suffering colon cancer. The species B. longum and B. bifidum were the most widely found, followed by B. animalis , B. catenulatum and B. adolescentis . B. breve , B. dentium and B. angulatum were not detected in any sample. A significantly higher occurrence of B. longum was observed in patients with diverticulitis than in those with colon cancer or IBD (100%, 62% and 75%, respectively, P < 0.05). Similar results were obtained for B. animalis (56%, 0% and 25%, P < 0.05), while B. adolescentis was only found in the mucosa from patients with colon cancer (5 out of 21, 24%). At the quantitative level, patients with colon cancer or IBD showed lower counts of total Bifidobacterium (4.94 and 5.91 vs 6.96 log Cells/sample, respectively, P < 0.05) and of the species B. longum (4.05 and 4.79 vs 6.76, P < 0.05) than those with diverticulitis. CONCLUSION:Aberrancies in mucosa associated microbiota are present in different intestinal diseases. This may indicate a role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

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“…Bunun bir nedeni ETA duyarlılığının AD'nin ağır seyretmesinde bir risk faktörü olmasından kaynaklanabileceği düşünülmüştür (7,22). Sezaryen doğum ile dünyaya gelen bebeklerin bağırsak florasında B.fragilis, Bifidobacterium benzeri bakteriler ve Laktobaccilus benzeri bakterilerinin kolonizasyonunun az olması immünolojik immatüritenin devam etmesine ve IgA ve IgM sekresyonunun normal doğan bebeklere göre anlamlı düşük olmasına neden olmaktadır (10). Bazı araştırmacılar sezaryen ile doğumu sadece astım için bir risk faktörü olarak bildirmişken (24,25), bazıları ise ilişki bulamamışlardır (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sezaryen doğum ile dünyaya gelen bebeklerin bağırsak florasında Bacteroides fragilis (B.fragilis), Bifidobacterium benzeri bakteriler ve Laktobaccilus benzeri bakterilerinin kolonizasyonunun normal doğum ile dünyaya gelen bebeklerin bağırsak florasına göre daha az oranda olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca aynı çalışmada B. fragilis kolonize olan grup ile olmayan grup arasında yapılan karşılaştırmada kolonize olan grupta birinci ayda IgA sekresyonu ve ikinci ayda IgM sekresyonu anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (10). D vitamini immünmodülatör etkisi ile AD patogenezinde önemlidir (11).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ev Tozu Akarı Duyarlı Atopik Dermatitli Çocuklarda D Vitaminin Etkisi

Nain¹,

Kıykım²,

Yaşöz³

et al. 2017

Asthma Allergy Immunol

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ÖZAmaç: Atopik dermatit (AD) International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) tarafından yapılan çalışmalarda 6-7 yaş arası çocuklarda İran' da %2' den az, Japonya ve İsveç' de %16, 13-14 yaş grubu çocuklarda Arnavutluk'ta %1'in altında, Kuzey Avrupa' da %15 üzeri saptanmıştır. Ev-tozu akarı (ETA) duyarlılığı AD' de farklı bir klinik oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamızda ETA duyarılı AD'li hastalarda hastalık şiddetini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: 2014-2015 yılları arasında kliniğimizde ETA'na duyarlı AD tanısıyla izlenen 33 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Başvuru yakınmaları, başvuru ve tanı yaşları, doğum şekli, 1. derece aile bireylerinde atopi, allerjen duyarlılıkları, kan eozinofil, immünoglobulin ve D vitamini düzeyleri, tedavileri ve tedavi yanıtları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Başvuru yakınmalarının %81.8'i kaşıntı (n=27), %45.5'i döküntü (n=15), %9.1'i kuruluk (n=3) idi. Başvuru sırasında ortalama objektif SCORAD (scoring atopic dermatitis) 45±15 hesaplandı. Objektif SCORAD değerine göre 21 hasta ağır AD olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların %71.9'unda allerjik astım (AA), %62.5'inde allerjik rinit (AR), %27.3'ünde gıda allerjisi vardı. Maternal atopi 10 (%34.5), paternal atopi 4 (%13.8), kardeşte atopi 6 (%20.7) olarak saptandı. On altı hastanın (%57.1) D vitamini düşük saptandı. Ailede atopi, doğum şekli ve cinsiyet açısından gruplandığında ETA duyarlı AD hastalarında semptom başlangıç ve tanı yaşları, laboratuvar parametreleri ve objektif SCORAD değerleri açısından anlamlı fark yoktu. D vitamini düşük olgularda serum IgA ve IgG düzeyleri anlamlı düşük, spesifik IgE Dermatophagoides ABSTRACT Objective: Atopic dermatitis (AD) in studies conducted by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), children aged 6-7 years accounted for less than 2% in Iran, 16% in Japan and Sweden, and 13-14 years in Albania less than 1%, and over 15% in Northern Europe. House dust mite (HDM) sensitivity confers a distinct phenotype in AD. The current study aimed to determine the factors influencing the disease severity in HDMsensitized AD patients. Materials and Methods:Thirty-three patients with HDMsensitized AD were enrolled in the study. The medical charts were retrospectively evaluated for complaints, age at admission and diagnosis, delivery, gender, atopy in family, sensitizations, eosinophil counts, immunoglobulin and Vitamin D levels, treatment modalities and response to treatment. Results:The chief complaint was pruritus in 81.8%, rash in 45.5% and dryness in 9.1% of patients. Objective SCORAD (scoring atopic dermatitis) at admission was 45±15. Severe AD was detected in 21 patients according to their objective SCORAD index. Accompanying allergic diseases were allergic asthma (AA) in 71.9%, allergic rhinitis (AR) in 62.5% and food allergy in 27.3% of the patients. Sixteen (57.1%) patients showed decreased vitamin D levels. When familial atopy, type of delivery, and gender were set as grouping items, age at disease onset and diagnosis, laboratory parameters and obje...

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Importance of intestinal colonisation in the maturation of humoral immunity in early infancy: a prospective follow up study of healthy infants aged 0-6 months

Cited by 235 publications

References 42 publications

Low level of galacto-oligosaccharide in infant formula stimulates growth of intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli

Low level of galacto-oligosaccharide in infant formula stimulates growth of intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the bifidobacterial microbiota in the colonic mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer, diverticulitis and inflammatory bowel disease

Ev Tozu Akarı Duyarlı Atopik Dermatitli Çocuklarda D Vitaminin Etkisi

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