Implications of Oxidative Stress and Cell Membrane Lipid Peroxidation in Human Cancer (Spain)

Abstract

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) result from cell metabolism as well as from extracellular processes. ROS exert some functions necessary for cell homeostasis maintenance. When produced in excess they play a role in the causation of cancer. ROS mediated lipid peroxides are of critical importance because they participate in chain reactions that amplify damage to biomolecules including DNA. DNA attack gives rise to mutations that may involve tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, and this is an oncogenic mechanism. On the other hand, ROS production is a mechanism shared by many chemotherapeutic drugs due to their implication in apoptosis control. The ROS mediated cell responses depend on the duration and intensity of the cells exposing to the increased ROS environment. Thus the status redox is of great importance for oncogenetic process activation and it is also implicated in tumor susceptibility to specific chemotherapeutic drugs. Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase (PH-GPx) is an antioxidant enzyme that is able to directly reduce lipid peroxides even when they are bound to cellular membranes. This article will review the relevance of oxidative stress, particularly of lipid peroxidation, in cell response with special focus in carcinogenesis and cancer therapy that suggests PH-GPx as a potentially important enzyme involved in the control of this processes.

Punicic acid is an ω-5 fatty acid capable of inhibiting breast cancer proliferation

“…Some cancer cells are intrinsically more sensitive to oxidative stress than their normal counterparts (26)(27)(28). As a result, the presence of lipid peroxidation products or reactive oxygen species can trigger apoptosis through death-receptor signaling, downregulation of cell survival receptor-mediated signaling, and changes in membrane phospholipids composition (29)(30)(31)(32). Furthermore, there is evidence that mouse mammary tumors are more sensitive than normal tissues to the induction of reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis (33) and that developing tumors in vivo are inherently susceptible to dietinduced increased oxidative stress resulting in decreased tumor growth and progression (33,34).…”

The cultural and medical determination of the obesity

“…Najviše je ispitana uzročno-posledična veza gojaznosti i karcinoma dojke, jednjaka, želuca, debelog creva, pankreasa, prostate i edometrijuma. Multivarijantne analize su dokazale nesumnjiv kauzalni odnos između gojaznosti karcinoma [38]. Način ishrane karakterističan za gojazne osobe takođe je povezan sa nastankom malignih bolesti.…”

Microfluidic sampling system for tissue analytics

“…1,2 The measurement of the oxidation levels of lipids is an indicator of cell-stress and also a biomarker for the onset of cancerous growth. 3 An amount of different phospholipids has been studied as biomarkers for ovarian 4 and breast cancers. 5 The role of metabolites and lipids such as Phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and Phosphoethanolamines (PEs) as breast cancer biomarkers has been investigated by Eliyahu et al, 6 Hilvo et al, 7 and Butczies et al 8 Separation of breast cancer tissues from normal breast tissues was demonstrated to be feasible with high sensitivity and specificity.…”