Implications of Conservation Agriculture for Men's and Women's Workloads Among Marginalized Farmers in the Central Middle Hills of Nepal

Halbrendt, Jacqueline; Kimura, Aya Hirata; Gray, Steven; Radovich, Theodore; Reed, B.F.; Tamang, Bir Bahadur

doi:10.1659/mrd-journal-d-13-00083.1

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…This means being aware of the sometimes ''hidden'' and unintended consequences of development projects, which may diverge from the stated project objectives and have negative effects (Ferguson 1994). Unintended consequences often arise in the context of problematic assumptions about the ''unlimited'' availability of women's labor for implementing development technologies and interventions in fieldlevel projects (Leach 2007; also see Narain 2014, Halbrendt et al 2014. Accordingly, these assumptions require critical reflection, including on how to mitigate their negative impacts.…”

Section: Gender Transformative Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Business asUnusual: The Potential for Gender Transformative Change in Development and Mountain Contexts

Verma¹

2014

Mountain Research and Development

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Section: Gender Transformative Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Business asUnusual: The Potential for Gender Transformative Change in Development and Mountain Contexts

Verma¹

2014

Mountain Research and Development

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“…Considering social welfare outcomes, research from Nepal and Ethiopia found that women who adopted CSA technologies such as minimum till cultivation often faced an increase in their labor burden, at least in the short term (Halbrendt et al 2014, Vandercasteelen et al 2018. Further, some studies have found that women's adoption of improved seeds or irrigation schemes does not always result in the longer-term benefit of an increase in crop yield or income, due to limited access to land, equipment, and markets (Kinkingninhoun-Mêdagbé et al 2008, Yokouchi and Saito 2016).…”

Section: Agricultural Technology Promotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does gendered vulnerability shape the adoption and impact of sustainable livelihood interventions in an era of global climate change?

Call

Sellers

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Background. Though many studies have long considered the broad social implications of climate change, researchers have only recently started to consider the gendered unevenness of the global landscape of vulnerability, exposure, and adaptive capacity to environmental stressors and shocks. Historically, policies and interventions addressing natural resource-based livelihoods have rarely considered underlying gender dynamics despite the global pervasiveness of gendered disparities in both economic opportunities and welfare outcomes. Methods/Design. Using two electronic databases, Web of Science and Scopus, we conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed academic literature describing livelihoods policies or interventions that included documentation of gendered impacts. We focused on natural resource-based livelihoods most likely to be affected by climate change, centering on interventions targeting agriculture, fisheries and aquaculture, and forestry. Review Results/ Synthesis. We identified 131 relevant articles, most of which focus on adoption or participation in interventions rather than outcomes. In general, women are less likely than men to engage with sustainable livelihoods interventions. When women do engage, some researchers have documented income and food security gains as well as improvements in environmental indicators in the shortterm. However, these initiatives have also been found to increase women's labor burden without corresponding gains in income. Few studies measure longer-term effects of women's engagement on welfare and environmental outcomes, a key gap in the literature. Additionally, relatively few studies explore the intersectional impacts of initiatives, such as the added burdens of ethnicity, class, education, or other differences that modify gender disparities. Discussion. Climate change has gendered impacts on natural resource-based livelihoods. In general, existing initiatives designed to increase livelihood resilience fail to reduce gender disparities and improve women's livelihoods. Greater attention should be paid to gender when designing sustainable livelihoods policies and interventions in order to increase adoption and participation, negotiate trade-offs, improve environmental conditions, and promote broadly beneficial welfare outcomes.

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“…Each community has requirements regarding the supply and qualification of labor or investment capacity. If it is not possible to meet them, it will not be viable to disseminate the innovations (Halbrendt et al, 2014). The alternatives need to be jointly evaluated by scientists, extensionists and farmers, so that the solutions are effectively adapted.…”

Section: Adapted Technological Alternatives For Developing Tropical Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable productive intensification for family farming in developing tropical countries

et al. 2019

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In the past, agriculture was directed to satisfying human needs. Nowadays, it is directed to meeting the markets, forcing the peasantries to adapt to this condition. As a result, family farmers are multifaceted, incorporating both subsistence and market-oriented production. Traditional farming systems have been challenged since there is a pressure for the intensification of these systems. Then, it is important that scientific research about them goes on to recognize that many family farmers use limited resource bases. However, innovation and intensification are permanent needs of agriculture, although they must be adjusted to different contexts, respecting the cultural legacy of family farmers as a prerequisite for achieving the development. RESUMONo passado, a agricultura era direcionada para satisfazer as necessidades humanas. Hoje em dia, é direcionada para atender os mercados, forçando o campesinato a se adaptar a essa condição. Como resultado, os agricultores familiares se tornaram multifacetados, incorporando tanto a produção de subsistência quanto aquela orientada para o mercado. Os sistemas agrícolas tradicionais foram desafiados, uma vez que existe uma pressão para a intensificação desses sistemas. Então, é importante que a pesquisa científica sobre eles continue para reconhecer que muitos agricultores familiares usam bases de recursos limitadas. Contudo, inovação e intensificação são necessidades permanentes da agricultura, embora elas devam ser ajustadas a diferentes contextos, respeitando o legado cultural dos agricultores familiares como pré-requisito para alcançar o desenvolvimento. Termos para indexação: Sistemas agrícolas; sustentabilidade; agricultor familiar; capitalismo; produção de alimentos.

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Implications of Conservation Agriculture for Men's and Women's Workloads Among Marginalized Farmers in the Central Middle Hills of Nepal

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Business asUnusual: The Potential for Gender Transformative Change in Development and Mountain Contexts

Business asUnusual: The Potential for Gender Transformative Change in Development and Mountain Contexts

How does gendered vulnerability shape the adoption and impact of sustainable livelihood interventions in an era of global climate change?

Sustainable productive intensification for family farming in developing tropical countries

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