Implicancias Estructurales y Fisiológicas de la Célula Bacteriana en los Mecanismos de Resistencia Antibiótica

Pavez, Mónica; Santos, Andrés; Salazar, Rodrigo Fernando dos Santos; Barrientos, Leticia

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022017000401214

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…La membrana externa de naturaleza lipolisacárida y las porinas limitan el paso de los metabolitos secundarios. Los compuestos anfipáticos pueden actuar como bombas que impiden el ingreso de estos compuestos 21 . También influyen factores como el tipo de especie bacteriana, aparición de mutaciones, tiempo de desarrollo de la planta, condiciones del suelo donde crece, cantidad de componentes químicos extraídos 22 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de Annona muricata sobre microorganismos de importancia clínica

Hernández¹,

Senmache²,

Cruz-López³

et al. 2021

GMB

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El incremento de cepas patógenas resistentes a fármacos convencionales ha limitado las opciones de tratamiento médico. Ante ello surge la necesidad de buscar alternativas terapéuticas. Muchas especies vegetales poseen un enorme potencial antimicrobiano que puede ser de gran utilidad. Objetivo: determinar el efecto antibacteriano in vitro del extracto etanólico de Annona muricata L. sobre Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus B – hemolíticos y Escherichia coli. Métodos: se evaluaron 135 unidades experimentales conformadas por 3 cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus B-hemolíticos y Escherichia coli, además de 5 concentraciones del extracto y 3 repeticiones del experimento. Para determinar el efecto antibacteriano in vitro se emplearon los métodos de disco difusión en agar y macrodilución en caldo. Se utilizó el extracto etanólico a concentraciones de 125, 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg/ml y solución salina fisiológica estéril como control negativo. Resultados: el extracto inhibió el crecimiento in vitro de Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus B-hemolíticos. La mayor inhibición se observó a 1 000 mg/ml con halos inhibitorios de 14,6 mm y 12,33 mm de diámetro, respectivamente. Para Escherichia coli no se observó la formación de halos inhibitorios. Las cepas de Streptococcus B-hemolíticos y Staphylococcus aureus presentaron una concentración mínima inhibitoria de 250 y 500 mg/ml, respectivamente. Conclusión: el efecto antibacteriano in vitro fue directamente proporcional a cada concentración empleada sobre Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus B-hemolíticos. En el caso Escherichia coli no se observó inhibición de crecimiento.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de Annona muricata sobre microorganismos de importancia clínica

Hernández¹,

Senmache²,

Cruz-López³

et al. 2021

GMB

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show abstract

“…Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a natural phenomenon of bacteria [ 33 ] that develops thanks to its intrinsic evolutionary nature, as well as its easy and rapid adaptability to various environments [ 34 ]. However, the abuse and excessive use of antibiotics has given bacteria the ability to create greater resistance to antimicrobials [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], which translates into the lack of ability of antibiotics to inhibit the growth of pathogens [ 43 ]. This has alerted public health organizations worldwide and has led to major regulated and controlled antibiotic administration measures, to improve treatments in patients [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Inorganic Nanoparticles

Balderrama-González

Piñón-Castillo

Ramírez-Valdespino

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Antibiotics are being less effective, which leads to high mortality in patients with infections and a high cost for the recovery of health, and the projections that are had for the future are not very encouraging which has led to consider antimicrobial resistance as a global health problem and to be the object of study by researchers. Although resistance to antibiotics occurs naturally, its appearance and spread have been increasing rapidly due to the inappropriate use of antibiotics in recent decades. A bacterium becomes resistant due to the transfer of genes encoding antibiotic resistance. Bacteria constantly mutate; therefore, their defense mechanisms mutate, as well. Nanotechnology plays a key role in antimicrobial resistance due to materials modified at the nanometer scale, allowing large numbers of molecules to assemble to have a dynamic interface. These nanomaterials act as carriers, and their design is mainly focused on introducing the temporal and spatial release of the payload of antibiotics. In addition, they generate new antimicrobial modalities for the bacteria, which are not capable of protecting themselves. So, nanoparticles are an adjunct mechanism to improve drug potency by reducing overall antibiotic exposure. These nanostructures can overcome cell barriers and deliver antibiotics to the cytoplasm to inhibit bacteria. This work aims to give a general vision between the antibiotics, the nanoparticles used as carriers, bacteria resistance, and the possible mechanisms that occur between them.

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“…At a functional level, said outer cell membrane has anchored proteins called porins; these proteins function as a filter allowing or prohibiting the entry of material into the bacteria, which determines the membrane's permeability. In the presence of antibiotics, porins strongly influence bacterial resistance [81,82]. On the other hand, the layer of polysaccharides presents in Gram-negative bacteria, which surrounds the outer cell membrane, protects the bacteria against lipid peroxidation and consequently reduces the antimicrobial action [83].…”

Section: Mgo Nps Antibacterial Effect Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Step Triethylamine-Based Synthesis of MgO Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Effect against Pathogenic Bacteria

et al. 2021

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Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were obtained by the calcination of precursor microparticles (PM) synthesized by a novel triethylamine-based precipitation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a mean size of 120 nm for the MgO NPs. The results of the characterizations for MgO NPs support the suggestion that our material has the capacity to attack, and have an antibacterial effect against, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria strains. The ability of the MgO NPs to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion radicals (O2•-) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), was demonstrated by the corresponding quantitative assays. The MgO antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 250 and 500 ppm on the microdilution assays, respectively. Structural changes in the bacteria, such as membrane collapse; surface changes, such as vesicular formation; and changes in the longitudinal and horizontal sizes, as well as the circumference, were observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The lipidic peroxidation of the bacterial membranes was quantified, and finally, a bactericidal mechanism for the MgO NPs was also proposed.

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Implicancias Estructurales y Fisiológicas de la Célula Bacteriana en los Mecanismos de Resistencia Antibiótica

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de Annona muricata sobre microorganismos de importancia clínica

Efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de Annona muricata sobre microorganismos de importancia clínica

Antimicrobial Resistance and Inorganic Nanoparticles

Two-Step Triethylamine-Based Synthesis of MgO Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Effect against Pathogenic Bacteria

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