Implementation of an image analysis technique to determine LNAPL infiltration and distribution in unsaturated porous media

Simantiraki, Fotini; Aivalioti, Maria; Gidarakos, Evangelos

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2008.12.040

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Basic physiochemical properties and structure characteristics of soil could affect the behavior of NAPLs in the soil [ 11 , 41 ]. Herein, the basic physiochemical properties and structure characteristics of soil were selected as the independent variables of multivariate statistical analysis, and the main controlling factors affecting the migration distance and residual amount of diesel were analyzed by principal component regression and multiple linear regression analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into the Influence of Soil Microstructure Characteristics on the Migration and Residue of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

Zhang

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Understanding the influence of soil microstructure on light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) behavior is critical for predicting the formation of residual LNAPLs under spill condition. However, the roles of soil particle and pore on LNAPLs migration and residue remains unclear. Here, the experiment simulated an LNAPLs (diesel) spill that was performed in fourteen types of soils, and the key factors affecting diesel behavior are revealed. There were significant differences between fourteen types of soils, with regard to the soil particle, soil pore, and diesel migration and residue. After 72 h of leakage, the migration distance of diesel ranged from 3.42 cm to 8.82 cm in the soils. Except for sandy soil, diesel was mainly distributed in the 0–3 cm soil layer, and the residual amounts were 7.85–26.66 g/kg. It was further confirmed from microstructure that the consistency of soil particle and volume of soil macropores (0.05–7.5 μm) are important for diesel residue in the 0–1 cm soil layer and migration distance. The large soil particles corresponding to 90% of volume fraction and volume of soil mesopores (< 0.05 μm) are key factors affecting diesel residue in the 1–3 cm soil layer. The result helps to further comprehend the formation mechanism of residual LNAPLs in the soil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into the Influence of Soil Microstructure Characteristics on the Migration and Residue of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

Zhang

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…More diesel would be displaced, resulting in a larger network of interconnected pores containing diesel. According to Simantiraki et al [27], diesel spreads faster in the vertical direction in fine sand because fine sand particles have smaller void spaces, resulting in higher capillary pressure.…”

Section: Effect Of Diesel Spill Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Migration and Distribution in Capillary Fringe Using Different Spill Volumes via Image Analysis

Alazaiza

Maskari

Albahansawi

et al. 2021

Fluids

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Laboratory-scale column experimSents were conducted to assess the impact of different LNAPL volumes on LANPL migration behavior in capillary zone in porous media. Three different volumes of diesel (50 mL, 100 mL, and 150 mL) were released in different experiments using a 1D rectangular column filled with natural sand. The water table was set at 29 cm from the bottom of the column. The image analysis results provided quantitative time-dependent data on the LNAPL distribution through the duration for the experiments. Results demonstrated that the higher diesel volume (150 mL) exhibited the faster LNAPL migration through all experiments. This observation was due to the high volume of diesel as compared to other cases which provides high pressure to migrate deeper in a short time. In all experiments, the diesel migration was fast during the first few minutes of observation and then, the velocity was decreased gradually. This is due to pressure exerted by diesel in order to allow the diesel to percolate through the sand voids. Overall, this study proved that the image analysis can be a good and reliable tool to monitor the LNAPL migration in porous media.

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“…The third IPA step is to convert images to another color model for easier delineation of the desired information (e.g., [49,68]). Different color models segregate information in different ways [42], and include the RGB model (R: red; G: green; B: blue), the HSV model (H: hue; S: saturation; V: value), and the YCbCr model (Y: luma component; Cb: blue difference; Cr: red difference) [69].…”

Section: Conceptualization Of a Basic Ipa Framework For Dnapl Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter should be tested for different experimental setups (e.g., water-unsaturated soils, LNAPL compounds, saltwater intrusion), other non-consolidated porous media (e.g., silty sand, clay lenses, combinations of several sediment fractions), and fractured rock (e.g., sandstone, limestone) in order to point out the flexibility and transferability of the IPA framework presented here. [34,49,80] [ 56,62,66,68,76,78,79] Converting to gray scale [48] [ 82,83] Correction of spatially non-uniform illumination Correction using a reference image, either flat-field image or without tracer and then dividing, subtracting or normalizing to the image - [62,84,85] Converting by using adaptive thresholding algorithm using percent distance between peaks…”

Section: Limitations and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of Uncertainties from Image Processing and Analysis in Laboratory-Scale DNAPL Release Studies Evaluated by Reflective Optical Imaging

Engelmann

Schmidt

Werth

et al. 2019

Water

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Subsurface DNAPL (dense non-aqueous phase liquid) contamination from (un-) intentional spilling typically leads to severe environmental hazards. A large number of studies have demonstrated the relevance of DNAPL source zone geometry for the determination of contaminant plume propagation in groundwater. Optical imaging represents a promising non-invasive method for identifying DNAPL saturation without disturbing multiphase flow dynamics. However, workflow and image analysis methodologies have not been sufficiently developed or described for general application to related experimental efforts. For example, the choice of dye(s) used for phase colorization affects image processing and can bias final estimations of DNAPL saturations. In this study, we perform a series of DNAPL migration and entrapment studies in transparent tanks that are filled with three different types of porous media. Different dyes are used and raw images are acquired. Subsequently, these are used to evaluate a suite of image processing and analysis approaches, which are organized into a workflow. Our approach allows for us to identify key image processing and analysis steps that introduce the most error. Applicable dye configurations led to uncertainties of up to 41% depending on the selection of processing steps. Based on these findings, it was possible to delineate a flexible framework for image processing and analysis that has the potential for transfer and application in other tank experiment setups.

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Implementation of an image analysis technique to determine LNAPL infiltration and distribution in unsaturated porous media

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Novel Insights into the Influence of Soil Microstructure Characteristics on the Migration and Residue of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

Novel Insights into the Influence of Soil Microstructure Characteristics on the Migration and Residue of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

Diesel Migration and Distribution in Capillary Fringe Using Different Spill Volumes via Image Analysis

Quantification of Uncertainties from Image Processing and Analysis in Laboratory-Scale DNAPL Release Studies Evaluated by Reflective Optical Imaging

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