Implementation and Validation of an LTE D2D Model for ns-3

Rouil, Richard; Cintrón, Fernando J.; Mosbah, Aziza Ben; Gamboa, Samantha

doi:10.1145/3067665.3067668

Cited by 61 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Our C-V2X simulator is based on the LTE Device-to-Device communication simulation model for the ns-3 network simulator introduced and validated in [18]. It includes mode 1 and mode 2 direct communication and in this work C-V2X Mode 4 has been added to the ns-3 simulator.…”

Section: System Model and Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of C-V2X Mode 4 Communication Introducing an Open-Source C-V2X Simulator

Eckermann

Kahlert

Wietfeld

2019

2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall)

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Autonomous vehicles, on the ground and in the air, are the next big evolution in human mobility. While autonomous driving in highway scenarios is already possible using only the vehicles sensors, the complex scenarios of big cities with all its different traffic participants is still a vision. Cellular Vehicleto-Everything (C-V2X) communication is a necessary enabler of this vision and and an emerging field of interest in today's research. However, to the best of our knowledge open source simulators essential for open research do not exist yet. In this work we present our open source C-V2X mode 4 simulator based on the discrete-event network simulator ns-3. To analyze the performance of C-V2X mode 4 using our simulator, we created a worst case scenario and the 3GPP reference Manhattan grid scenario using the microscopic traffic simulator SUMO. We also added the WINNER+ B1 channel model to ns-3, as this is also used by 3GPP. Our results show, that C-V2X is scalable to 250 vehicles within a worst case scenario on a playground of 100 m x 100 m, with respect to the LTE rel. 14 V2X requirements. For the more realistic Manhattan grid scenario, the performance is better, as to be expected. We also analyzed the Packet Inter-Reception time with an outcome of max. 100 ms for more than 99 % of all transmissions. In addition, we investigated the impact of the Resource Reservation Period and the Resource Reselection Probability on the system's Packet Reception Ratio.

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Section: System Model and Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of C-V2X Mode 4 Communication Introducing an Open-Source C-V2X Simulator

Eckermann

Kahlert

Wietfeld

2019

2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall)

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“…Comparing with the conventional D2D communication channel model as implemented in [21], the shadowing effects of V2V communication are no longer stable due to the high mobility of vehicles. In this sense, LTE-V has proposed to use a block-wise shadowing model, where the shadowing To be more specific, we modify modules including Ns2MobilityHelper, Mi-crocellPropagationLossModel, LteUePhy and LteUeMac to support mobility model, platooning channel model, and LTE-V frame structure respectively.…”

Section: A Platooning Channel Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation for LTE-V based Vehicle-to-Vehicle Platooning Communication

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2018

2018 24th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC)

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With the raising demand for autonomous driving, vehicle-to-vehicle communications becomes a key technology enabler for the future intelligent transportation system. Based on our current knowledge field, there is limited network simulator that can support end-to-end performance evaluation for LTE-V based vehicle-to-vehicle platooning systems. To address this problem, we start with an integrated platform that combines traffic generator and network simulator together, and build the V2V transmission capability according to LTE-V specification. On top of that, we simulate the end-to-end throughput and delay profiles in different layers to compare different configurations of platooning systems. Through numerical experiments, we show that the LTE-V system is unable to support the highest degree of automation under shadowing effects in the vehicle platooning scenarios, which requires ultra-reliable low-latency communication enhancement in 5G networks. Meanwhile, the throughput and delay performance for vehicle platooning changes dramatically in PDCP layers, where we believe further improvements are necessary.Index Terms-LTE-V, platooning, NS-3, SUMO A. Summary of Platooning and LTE-VVehicle platooning, by allowing vehicles to travel together, is shown to maximize highway throughput, reduce the traffic drug, and improve driving safety and comfort levels of automated driving simultaneously [16]. In order to support vehicle platooning capability, on board unit (OBU) with direct V2V communication ability to interchange important parameters in automated longitudinal control systems will be compulsory. In addition, as vehicle platooning systems often operate at a relatively high speed and the inter-vehicle distances need to keep small for traffic efficiency, a high reliable and low latency communication protocol is therefore required.Due to the similarity between device-to-device (D2D) and V2V communication, the sidelink mode 1 and mode 2, previously supporting D2D communication, have been upgraded to mode 3 and mode 4 for V2V communication in LTE R14, where mode 3 focuses on network supported vehicular communication and mode 4 targets to provide V2V direct transmission capability. With vehicle platooning scenario, we mainly consider the V2V communication in this paper and summarize the main features of the sidelink mode 4 in the following.

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“…We provide a tutorial-like overview of its operation and analyze the effect of the different parameters and parameter choices. To that end, we developed a 3GPP compliant C-V2X Mode 4 simulator in ns-3, extending the LTE D2D simulator [6] developed by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Sensing-Based Semi-Persistent Scheduling in C-V2X Networks

Nabil¹,

Kaur²,

Dietrich³

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)

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The 3 rd Generation Partnership Project released the cellular vehicular-to-everything (C-V2X) specifications as part of the LTE framework in Release 14. C-V2X is the alternative to dedicated short range communications and both are specifically designed for V2X control signaling. C-V2X extends the device-to-device specifications by adding two more modes of operation targeting the vehicular environment in coverage and out of coverage of LTE base stations. Vehicle-to-vehicle communications (V2V) is established with Mode 4, where the devices schedule their transmissions in a distributed way employing sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling (SPS). Research is needed to assess the performance of SPS, especially in congested radio environments. This paper presents the first open-source C-V2X simulator that enables such research. The simulator is implemented in ns-3. We analyze the effect of the Mode 4 resource pool configuration and some of the key SPS parameters on the scheduling performance and find that the resource reservation interval significantly influences packet data rate performance, whereas resource reselection probability has little effect in dense vehicular highway scenarios. Our results show that proper configuration of scheduling parameters can significantly improve performance. We conclude that research on congestion control mechanisms is needed to further enhance the SPS performance for many practical use cases.

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Implementation and Validation of an LTE D2D Model for ns-3

Cited by 61 publications

References 9 publications

Performance Analysis of C-V2X Mode 4 Communication Introducing an Open-Source C-V2X Simulator

Performance Analysis of C-V2X Mode 4 Communication Introducing an Open-Source C-V2X Simulator

Performance Evaluation for LTE-V based Vehicle-to-Vehicle Platooning Communication

Performance Analysis of Sensing-Based Semi-Persistent Scheduling in C-V2X Networks

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