Implementación del trabajo estandarizado en la industria de la construcción

Abstract

Standard Work (SW) focuses on reducing variability and waste based on three conceptual elements: takt-time, work sequence, and work-in-process. Considering the importance of SW implementation in the Construction Industry, there is a need for adapting the conceptual elements due to differences between the production systems. This paper discusses the singularities of SW concepts adaptation in construction processes and proposes four implementation rules. A participatory case study was conducted aimed at the implementing SW in the construction of the reinforced concrete structure of a 26-floor residential building developed by a Brazilian construction company. This process is characterized by long cycle time, a great number of interrelated operations performed by workers with specialized skills who traditionally have autonomy in organizing their work. The singularities refer to the adaptation of the conceptual elements to the context investigated and resulted in four rules to implement SW in the construction industry: (a) define daily work packages as a control parameter due to the long takt-time; (b) focus the specifications of standard work sequences on the team, allowing space for autonomous decisions; (c) establish batches' size prioritising the sharing of resources between work packages; and (d) define specifications for transporting and storing resources since there are constant modifications of the workstations.

Reduction of order delivery times in painting Mypes in Peru based on Standard Work and Raw Material Management

“…El objetivo del SW refiere a lo siguiente: a) takt time o el ritmo de producción que refiere a lo que se necesita para satisfacer la demanda; b) la secuencia del trabajo o el conjunto de procedimientos de trabajo, cuyo objetivo es definir los mejores métodos y secuencias para cada proceso y c) el inventario estándar que refiere a la cantidad de productos en proceso (WIP) que se necesitan para asegurar el flujo de la operación y lograr un tiempo de ciclo óptimo para alcanzar el takt time deseado [10].…”

Safety Model based on 5S, TPM and Work Standardization to Reduce the Accident Rate in an SME in the Construction Sector

“…Likewise, Cortez (2021) shows with his TPM research that there is an improvement in maintenance management, having as a result "an improvement in availability of 18.72% increasing from 69.55% to 88.27% and an improvement in performance of 11.08% increasing from 67.80 to 78.88%". Fazinga et al (2019) developed a study on work standardization which "seeks the reduction of variability and waste based on three conceptual elements: takt-time, sequence of operations and work in process". Adapting the elements to the construction industry, focusing the standardization on the activities performed by workers, thus obtaining positive results in the stability of operations.…”

Service Management Model Based on Lean and Kaizen Tools to Improve the Level of Satisfaction in Health Sector Companies

“…Unlike quality management systems that focus on the process or product, the TPS focuses on operations, which are the activities performed by workers. Therefore, it receives a specific denomination in this context: standard work (SW) [17]. SW indicates that successful processes and practices are adopted as standard and then transferred to the production lines and to the workers, who, once they incorporate it, always perform it in the same way.…”