Implement and Analysis on Current Ecosystem Classification in Western Utah of the United States and Yukon Territory of Canada

West, Neil E.; Zhang, Yanqing

doi:10.5772/intechopen.100557

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Based on the studies of the ecosystem classification of Land (ECL), we used the following three steps to accomplish the ecosystem classifications for Western Utah in the U.S.[2, 23], Yukon Territory of Canada [6] The Samples of the nested ecosystem classifications are listed in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 for three ecoregions.…”

Section: Ecosystem Classification Methods and Climate Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By integrating cellular automata and a Geographic Information System [15,31], we found that the temperature changes across the study area depend on not only elevation changes but also aspects and soil water conditions. Therefore, the normalized temperature surface created by the Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) was highly representative of the potential temperature distribution in a normalized fuzzy format and used in simulating the process (Picture 2) [2, 5,6]. By integrating the normalized temperature into ECL's Model (Picture 2), the simulation of global warming's impacts on different ecosystems were carried out and evaluated.…”

Section: The Main Features Of Climate Change In Western Utah Of 300 D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li and Yang et al (2010) analyzed the extreme climate events from 66 meteorological stations data and showed that warm and wet events increase, but cold and dry events decrease over the plateau region[30], with Climate trends of Precipitation, Evaporation, Runoff and Surface soil water content.By integrating cellular automata and a Geographic Information System[15,31], we found that the temperature changes across the study area depend on not only elevation changes but also aspects and soil water conditions. Therefore, the normalized temperature surface created by the Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) was highly representative of the potential temperature distribution in a normalized fuzzy format and used in simulating the process (Picture 2) [2,5,6]. By integrating the normalized temperature into ECL's Model (Picture 2), the simulation of global warming's impacts on different ecosystems were carried out and evaluated.Input DEM data into GIS software, use GIS spatial Analysis tool to create aspect and slope output.…”

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Global warming has substantial effects on terrestrial ecosystems in the different Ecoregions. A hierarchical ecosystem approach was conducted to analyze global warming influences with global warming impacts on the three distinct global ecoregions. The ecosystem classification of land (ECL) has been developed and integrated as a hierarchical system. Recently, the hierarchical ecosystem classifications in 300 Dry Domain of the United States, 100 Polar Domain of Canada, and 500 Plateau Domain of China were demonstrated and explored in studying the environmental system changes and global warming impacts. This article tries to present the distinctive dissimilarity in each ecoregion and demonstrate the ecosystem responses linked to the hierarchical ecosystem structure and ecological function level.1) In the Dry Domain, the warmer and wetter of Utah's climate gave rise to Rocky Mountain subalpine conifer forests and Great Basin pinyon and juniper woodlands suitable for growing, which correspond to their Utah's Climate life zone, and are affiliated with the Middle levels of ECL ( U7 up to U4). Conversely, in a warmer and drier of Utah's climate, annual plant species and invaded species shifted and expanded at the lower levels of ECL (U10 up to U9). 2) In the Polar Domain, a warmer and wetter winter of Yokon climate influence the Spruce treeline moving northward and to higher elevations, as well as for the arctic tundra and alpine tundra. Arboreal species grow fast to reach fructification. These are typically appeared in the middle levels of ECL (Y8 up to Y5) and changed the carbon budget to a carbon sink (Y4 up to Y2). With a warmer and drier summer, Shrubification in Yukon is happening rapidly (Y6 up to Y5 ). Potentilla shrub and Salix shrub expand to the arctic tundra region.3) In the Plateau Domain, an annual air temperature increases by 0.5 o C/10y over the last 45 years, and the temperature fluctuations have significantly affected the essential changes in the global energy balance and carbon budget in the upper levels of ECL (Q4 up to Q1). However, the precipitation showed no noticeable difference. The alpine tundra vegetation simulated by the Vegetation Dynamic Simulation Model (VDSM) integrated with scenarios of a global temperature increase of 1 to 3°C. It illustrated the vegetation biomass changes in the lower levels to middle levels of ECL (Q8 up to Q6 ) and the vegetation distribution dynamics had appeared in upper levels of ECL ( Q4 up to Q1) .

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Section: Ecosystem Classification Methods and Climate Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Main Features Of Climate Change In Western Utah Of 300 D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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“…Desert shrub/grassland, arctic tundra, and alpine tundra are the most vulnerable ecosystems in the 300 Dry Domain [1,2], 100 Polar Domain [3,4], and 500 Plateau Domain [5,6], respectively. The dissimilarities in the different global ecoregions had presented independent ecosystem property and identity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hierarchical Ecosystem Approach to Evaluate Global Warming Impacts in Three Global Ecoregions

2022

EESRR

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Global warming has substantial effects on terrestrial ecosystems in the different Ecoregions. A hierarchical ecosystem approach was conducted to analyze global warming influences with global warming impacts on the three distinct global ecoregions. The ecosystem classification of land (ECL) has been developed and integrated as a hierarchical system. Recently, the hierarchical ecosystem classifications in 300 Dry Domain of the United States, 100 Polar Domain of Canada, and 500 Plateau Domain of China were demonstrated and explored in studying the environmental system changes and global warming impacts. This article tries to present the distinctive dissimilarity in each ecoregion and demonstrate the ecosystem responses linked to the hierarchical ecosystem structure and ecological function level. 1) In the Dry Domain, the warmer and wetter of Utah’s climate gave rise to Rocky Mountain subalpine conifer forests and Great Basin pinyon and juniper woodlands suitable for growing, which correspond to their Utah’s Climate life zone, and are affiliated with the Middle levels of ECL ( U7 up to U4). Conversely, in a warmer and drier of Utah’s climate, annual plant species and invaded species shifted and expanded at the lower levels of ECL (U10 up to U9). 2) In the Polar Domain, a warmer and wetter winter of Yokon climate influence the Spruce treeline moving northward and to higher elevations, as well as for the arctic tundra and alpine tundra. Arboreal species grow fast to reach fructification. These are typically appeared in the middle levels of ECL (Y8 up to Y5) and changed the carbon budget to a carbon sink (Y4 up to Y2). With a warmer and drier summer, Shrubification in Yukon is happening rapidly (Y6 up to Y5 ). Potentilla shrub and Salix shrub expand to the arctic tundra region. 3) In the Plateau Domain, an annual air temperature increases by 0.5o C/10y over the last 45 years, and the temperature fluctuations have significantly affected the essential changes in the global energy balance and carbon budget in the upper levels of ECL (Q4 up to Q1). However, the precipitation showed no noticeable difference. The alpine tundra vegetation simulated by the Vegetation Dynamic Simulation Model (VDSM) integrated with scenarios of a global temperature increase of 1 to 3°C. It illustrated the vegetation biomass changes in the lower levels to middle levels of ECL (Q8 up to Q6 ) and the vegetation distribution dynamics had appeared in upper levels of ECL ( Q4 up to Q1) .

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“…In the meantime, a twodimensional (2D) diagram initialized the multiple ecosystem distributions by integrating the soil moisture and the nutrient regimes as the attribute data. The examples of full ECLs were retrieved from the ECL model(Zhang et al 2021) and are presented in Table2.…”

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Improving Hierarchical Ecosystem Structures and Multicriteria Evaluations for Current Land Ecosystem Classification

Yan

West

Xu³

2023

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Background Ecosystem classification provides a systematic means to organize landscape resources for the purposes of environmental management and planning. The ecosystem classification attempts to capture earth processes over large geographic areas that produce persistent ecosystem patterns on the landscape. Past studies included the hierarchical ecosystem classification in the 300 Dry Domain of the United States and the 100 Polar Domain of Canada. In this paper, the land ecosystem classification (LEC) was developed and simplified as the structure level of organization with the hierarchical system and global ecoregions examined by using hierarchical theory and Multicriteria Evaluations. Results The generalized real-world components model relates the classification and level structure as a function of climate, landform, parent material, hydroregime, soil, ecological site, and fauna. Top Domain verification provided physical links and comparison bases for developing mapping ecosystems at continental and global scales. The focal levels were the main national and regional ecosystem classification components. The bottom level and its component were objectively defined by the related ecological site or vegetation stand. Conclusions The real-world component model was used to implement the analysis. Once the dimension of the ecosystem classification was significantly reduced to less than ten levels, the component effect ranks and importance ranks demonstrated the comprehension of the level of organizational structures and the land ecosystem classification. Furthermore, the Real-World Component Model quantitatively assessed the component effect and importance features. The component effect values Wi of the ecosystem hierarchies exhibited a significant relationship with the component importance values Vi (R2 = 0.8025, P < 0.01).

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Implement and Analysis on Current Ecosystem Classification in Western Utah of the United States and Yukon Territory of Canada

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

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A Hierarchical Ecosystem Approach to Evaluate Global Warming Impacts in Three Global Ecoregions

Improving Hierarchical Ecosystem Structures and Multicriteria Evaluations for Current Land Ecosystem Classification

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