No abstract

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is a promising method for the emerging Internet of Things. Secure information exchange plays a key role in the application of D2D communication. Considering that the wireless devices are powered by batteries, in this paper, a lightweight secure D2D system is designed by using multiple sensors on mobile devices. Specifically, by leveraging an acceleration sensor equipped in two wireless devices, a lightweight and efficient key distribution scheme for secure D2D communication is proposed. Based on the distributed secure key, an efficient near-field authentication is developed with a speaker and a microphone to determine whether these two devices are physically close; and a secure information exchange scheme with high efficiency, which includes message encryption/decryption and message authentication, is presented over the audio channel and the RF channel. The Extensive experiments are provided to demonstrate that our system can achieve a secure information exchange between two wireless devices with low energy consumption and computing resources.INDEX TERMS Secure D2D communication, sensors, key distribution, near field authentication, Internet of Things.

Combining cooperative diversity, truncated automatic repeat request scheme and distributed energy‐aware routing strategy, a novel cooperative routing algorithm adopting decode‐and‐forward fashion is proposed to maximise the lifetime of wireless sensor networks from the cross‐layer design perspective. In this algorithm, the transmission power is optimally allocated while satisfying the per‐link symbol error rate or the end‐to‐end throughput requirement. The average total consumed power weighted by the normalised remaining energy of every participating node is used as the link cost to avoid the overuse of certain nodes with extremely little energy. With the use of the traditional distributed shortest path algorithm, the best route that includes a cascade of single‐relay building blocks is constructed with polynomial complexity. In contrast to the non‐cooperative routing schemes, this cooperative routing algorithm can significantly prolong the network lifetime and improve the energy efficiency by reducing the total network residual energy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) represents a replication error resulting from the dysfunction of mismatch repair gene products. In this study, MSI was analyzed in 18 patients with various subtypes of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/L). Using six different microsatellite loci, we defined MSI as positive when replication errors were observed in at least two loci. The MSI was positive in four cases (22.2%)with acute type ATL, who tended to show more prognostically unfavorable factors and shorter overall survival. These results suggest that genomic instability may be associated with tumor progression rather than the development of ATL/L itself. In addition, the presence of the MSI at initial presentation could appear to warrant consideration as an additional prognostically unfavorable factor.