Implantation, Physiology of Placentation

Holcberg, Gershon; Segal, David; Bashiri, Asher

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27452-2_2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In the prenatal trophoblastic diseases including the choriocarcinoma and total hydatidiform mole, which are characterized by invasive trophoblastic behavior, the trophoblastic E-cadherin levels drop during the first trimester of the placenta [ 27 ]. Studies showing that heparins increase trophoblastic invasiveness by expressing E-cadherin may provide insight into how heparin may improve trophoblast differentiation and motility [ 28 ]. In the present implantation model, we found that E-cadherin immunoreactivity and expression was significantly higher in JAR cells during adhesion to the implantation site, while then the levels of E-cadherin decreased in subsequent stage of invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor on adhesion stage of implantation

Biltekin,

Bilir,

Seckin

et al. 2024

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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A member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, the heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF) is expressed in the uteri of both humans and mice during the implantation process. To study the effects of HB-EGF on adhesion stage, we developed an in vitro implantation model employing Ishikawa cell line and JAR cell line, which may attach to Ishikawa cells. For 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours, co-cultures of JAR spheroids grown on Ishikawa monolayers were treated with 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL doses of HB-EGF. Using immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis, the effects of HB-EGF on the protein expressions of E-cadherin, Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ErbB4), and integrin ανβ3 in Ishikawa and JAR cells were examined semi-quantitatively and quantitatively. Ultrastructural changes of in vitro implantation model were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. We revealed that HB-EGF influenced trophoblast cell adhesion to endometrial cells by upregulating the expression of the proteins ErbB4 and trophoblastic integrin ανβ3. Decrease in trophoblastic E-cadherin expression and increase in endometrial E-cadherin expression were demonstrated accompanying morphological variations in cells required for the invasion. We discovered ultrastructurally that Ishikawa cells acquired uterodome-like appearance, including the organelles, when 10 and 100 ng/mL dosages of HB-EGF were administered for 12 and 24 hours. However, following additional hours of adhesion and invasion, their intercellular spaces enlarged. The trafficking of vesicular transport was enhanced by JAR spheroids. We therefore discovered that in this implantation paradigm, HB-EGF may enhance the receptivity of Ishikawa cells and the adherence of JAR cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor on adhesion stage of implantation

Biltekin,

Bilir,

Seckin

et al. 2024

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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“…Pregnancy induces a number of alterations to maternal physiology for maintaining the correct course of pregnancy and it involves a cascade of processes commencing from fertilization to the establishment of feto-maternal communication and cross-talk mediated via the placenta. Preimplantation conditions, vascularisation, invasion of the embryonic cells to the maternal uterine wall and oxidative stress are the essential regulators in the function of pregnancy events [18]. Prior to implantation, there is a postovulatory surge of circulatory progesterone level that inhibits the proliferation of estrogen-dependent uterine epithelium and induces secretory transformation of uterine glands.…”

Section: Physiology Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the early stages of development, i.e., ~day 6 of fertilization, the microvilli of the blastocyst interact with the pinopodes of the uterine endometrial luminal epithelium in order to establish apposition, which becomes stable through the increased adherence of the trophectoderm and the uterine luminal epithelium. During this interaction, a range of molecules are secreted from the immune activated cells including mucin, selectin, integrin and cadherin [18,19]. Shortly thereafter, invasion begins and trophectoderm penetrates the uterine epithelium, invading the wall of the uterine arteries where they interact with the cells of the maternal circulatory immune system and mediate the remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries that supply the placenta.…”

Section: Physiology Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Targets of Aspirin and Prevention of Preeclampsia and Their Potential Association with Circulating Extracellular Vesicles during Pregnancy

Dutta

Kumar

Hyett

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Uncomplicated healthy pregnancy is the outcome of successful fertilization, implantation of embryos, trophoblast development and adequate placentation. Any deviation in these cascades of events may lead to complicated pregnancies such as preeclampsia (PE). The current incidence of PE is 2–8% in all pregnancies worldwide, leading to high maternal as well as perinatal mortality and morbidity rates. A number of randomized controlled clinical trials observed the association between low dose aspirin (LDA) treatment in early gestational age and significant reduction of early onset of PE in high-risk pregnant women. However, a substantial knowledge gap exists in identifying the particular mechanism of action of aspirin on placental function. It is already established that the placental-derived exosomes (PdE) are present in the maternal circulation from 6 weeks of gestation, and exosomes contain bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids and RNA that are a “fingerprint” of their originating cells. Interestingly, levels of exosomes are higher in PE compared to normal pregnancies, and changes in the level of PdE during the first trimester may be used to classify women at risk for developing PE. The aim of this review is to discuss the mechanisms of action of LDA on placental and maternal physiological systems including the role of PdE in these phenomena. This review article will contribute to the in-depth understanding of LDA-induced PE prevention.

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Hypoxia-induced small extracellular vesicle proteins regulate proinflammatory cytokines and systemic blood pressure in pregnant rats

et al. 2020

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Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) released from the extravillous trophoblast (EVT) are known to regulate uterine spiral artery remodeling during early pregnancy. The bioactivity and release of these sEVs differ under differing oxygen tensions and in aberrant pregnancy conditions. Whether the placental cell-derived sEVs released from the hypoxic placenta contribute to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia is not known. We hypothesize that, in response to low oxygen tension, the EVT packages a specific set of proteins in sEVs and that these released sEVs interact with endothelial cells to induce inflammation and increase maternal systemic blood pressure. Using a quantitative MS/MS approach, we identified 507 differentially abundant proteins within sEVs isolated from HTR-8/SVneo cells (a commonly used EVT model) cultured at 1% (hypoxia) compared with 8% (normoxia) oxygen. Among these differentially abundant proteins, 206 were up-regulated and 301 were down-regulated (P < 0.05), and they were mainly implicated in inflammation-related pathways. In vitro incubation of hypoxic sEVs with endothelial cells, significantly increased (P < 0.05) the release of GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF, when compared with control (i.e. cells without sEVs) and normoxic sEVs. In vivo injection of hypoxic sEVs into pregnant rats significantly increased (P < 0.05) mean arterial pressure with increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressures. We propose that oxygen tension regulates the release and bioactivity of sEVs from EVT and that these sEVs regulate inflammation and maternal systemic blood pressure. This novel oxygen-responsive, sEVs signaling pathway, therefore, may contribute to the physiopathology of preeclampsia.

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Implantation, Physiology of Placentation

Cited by 4 publications

References 77 publications

In vitro effects of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor on adhesion stage of implantation

In vitro effects of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor on adhesion stage of implantation

Molecular Targets of Aspirin and Prevention of Preeclampsia and Their Potential Association with Circulating Extracellular Vesicles during Pregnancy

Hypoxia-induced small extracellular vesicle proteins regulate proinflammatory cytokines and systemic blood pressure in pregnant rats

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