Implantation of Mouse Eggs in the Peritoneal Cavity

Abstract

Summary. When blastocysts lacking zonae pellucidae were transferred to the reproductive tract of female mice, several implantations were subsequently found outside the tract, in the peritoneal cavity. These were presumably derived from blastocysts which had escaped from the reproductive tract. Eggs with and without zonae pellucidae were then injected directly into the peritoneal cavity : the incidence of implantation was low, and did not lend any support to the hypothesis that absence of the zona pellucida might facilitate extra-uterine implantation. In all, eight intraperitoneal implantations were found. Two contained recognizable embryonic structures, of which one closely resembled a normal 8-to 8\ m=1/ 2\ -day embryo.

Spontaneous abdominal implantation in the rat with development to full term

“…sac and genita! tract normally provide a barrier to penetration by rodent embryos, and even when this barrier is artificially breached abdominal implantation is uncommon or abortive after a few days of development (Fawcett, Wislocki & Waldo, 1947;Jollie, 1961;McLaren & Tarkowski, 1963). There is only one documented account to show that implantation in an ectopic site is not a bar to full development in the rat (Nicholas, 1934).…”

Experimental Ectopic Implantation of Eggs and Early Embryos in Guinea-Pigs

“…McLaren & Tarkowski (1963) were able to produce abdominal implantation in mice by introducing eggs into the peritoneal cavity (two of 180 eggs developed) while Fawcett et al (1947) induced six such implantations in fourteen mice by transecting the oviducts. The higher rate of success (four out of seven animals) in inducing abdominal implantation in guinea-pigs by this means may be due to the greater ability of the guinea-pig blastocyst to penetrate the peritoneum.…”

“…Jollie (1961) considered that the incidence of successful implantation was increased by flushing the selected host site with a solution of histamine with the intention of inducing some degree of inflammation. Fawcett et al (1947) and McLaren & Tarkowski (1963) have drawn attention to the fact that mouse eggs will only implant on a previously traumatized peritoneal surface. The high degree of success following the transplantation of 9J-and 12-day conceptuses (post-implantation) may be due to the fact that tissue proliferation was already underway or to the previous loss of the zona pellucida or oolemma.…”

Broad, ectopic expression of the sperm protein PLCZ1 induces parthenogenesis and ovarian tumours in mice

“…4C). Implantation can occur ectopically (McLaren and Tarkowski, 1963) and embryonal carcinoma cells generate tumours in vivo (Stevens, 1970). The ovary is clearly not a unique niche for teratoma development and the failure of uterine tumours to develop suggests either that growth was too slow or that uterine mechanisms exist to prevent parthenogenic tumour development.…”