Abstract:An innovative immunosuppressant with a minimally invasive delivery system has emerged in the biomedical field. The application of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer forms, such as hydrogels, scaffolds, microspheres, and nanoparticles, in transplant recipients to control the release of immunosuppressants can minimize the risk of developing unfavorable conditions. In this review, we summarized several studies that have used implantable immunosuppressant delivery to release therapeutic agents to prolong allo… Show more
“…In infection control, controlled-release wound dressings for the treatment of wounds have been designed through the electrospinning of nanomaterials [ 20 , 21 ]. In transplant science, nanoparticle coatings with similar structures or biochemical properties as the host cells/tissues, or the same properties as implantable immunosuppressant delivery, can reduce graft rejection [ 22 , 23 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Main Textmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Implantable immunosuppressant delivery using nanomaterials can also prevent graft rejection. These may provide a localized, targeted, and sustained release of immunosuppressant compounds at the donor-graft site, reducing the dose, frequency of administration, and risk for systemic side effects [ 22 ]. Nanoparticles can improve the targeted delivery of immunosuppressive drugs that might be difficult to administer solely for reasons such as, but not limited to, hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity and fast rate of degradation.…”
Background
Nanotechnology and nanomedicine are rising novel fields in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS). The use of nanomaterials often goes with regenerative medicine. Due to their nanoscale, these materials stimulate repair at the cellular and molecular levels. Nanomaterials may be placed as components of nanocomposite polymers allowing enhancement of overall biochemical and biomechanical properties with improved scaffold properties, cellular attachment, and tissue regeneration. They may also be formulated as nanoparticle-based delivery systems for controlled release of signal factors or antimicrobials, for example. However, more studies on nanoparticle-based delivery systems still need to be done in this field. Nanomaterials are also used as frameworks for nerves, tendons, and other soft tissues.
Main body
In this mini-review, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems and nanoparticles targeting cells for response and regeneration in PRS. Specifically, we investigate their roles in various tissue regeneration, skin and wound healing, and infection control. Cell surface-targeted, controlled-release, and inorganic nanoparticle formulations with inherent biological properties have enabled enhanced wound healing, tumor visualization/imaging, tissue viability, and decreased infection, and graft/transplantation rejection through immunosuppression.
Conclusions
Nanomedicine is also now being applied with electronics, theranostics, and advanced bioengineering technologies. Overall, it is a promising field that can improve patient clinical outcomes in PRS.
“…In infection control, controlled-release wound dressings for the treatment of wounds have been designed through the electrospinning of nanomaterials [ 20 , 21 ]. In transplant science, nanoparticle coatings with similar structures or biochemical properties as the host cells/tissues, or the same properties as implantable immunosuppressant delivery, can reduce graft rejection [ 22 , 23 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Main Textmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Implantable immunosuppressant delivery using nanomaterials can also prevent graft rejection. These may provide a localized, targeted, and sustained release of immunosuppressant compounds at the donor-graft site, reducing the dose, frequency of administration, and risk for systemic side effects [ 22 ]. Nanoparticles can improve the targeted delivery of immunosuppressive drugs that might be difficult to administer solely for reasons such as, but not limited to, hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity and fast rate of degradation.…”
Background
Nanotechnology and nanomedicine are rising novel fields in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS). The use of nanomaterials often goes with regenerative medicine. Due to their nanoscale, these materials stimulate repair at the cellular and molecular levels. Nanomaterials may be placed as components of nanocomposite polymers allowing enhancement of overall biochemical and biomechanical properties with improved scaffold properties, cellular attachment, and tissue regeneration. They may also be formulated as nanoparticle-based delivery systems for controlled release of signal factors or antimicrobials, for example. However, more studies on nanoparticle-based delivery systems still need to be done in this field. Nanomaterials are also used as frameworks for nerves, tendons, and other soft tissues.
Main body
In this mini-review, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems and nanoparticles targeting cells for response and regeneration in PRS. Specifically, we investigate their roles in various tissue regeneration, skin and wound healing, and infection control. Cell surface-targeted, controlled-release, and inorganic nanoparticle formulations with inherent biological properties have enabled enhanced wound healing, tumor visualization/imaging, tissue viability, and decreased infection, and graft/transplantation rejection through immunosuppression.
Conclusions
Nanomedicine is also now being applied with electronics, theranostics, and advanced bioengineering technologies. Overall, it is a promising field that can improve patient clinical outcomes in PRS.
Hydrogels are three‐dimensional networks swollen with water. They are biocompatible, strong, moldable, and are emerging as a promising biomedical material for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering to deliver therapeutic gene. The excellent natural extracellular matrix simulation properties of hydrogels enable them to be co‐cultured with cells or enhance the expression of viral or non‐viral vectors. Its biocompatibility, high strength and degradation performance also make the action process of carriers in tissues more ideal, making it an ideal biomedical material. It has been shown that hydrogel‐based gene delivery technologies have the potential to play therapy‐relevant roles in organs such as bone, cartilage, nerve, skin, reproductive organs, and liver in animal experiments and preclinical trials. This paper reviews recent articles on hydrogels in gene delivery and explains the manufacture, applications, developmental timeline, limitations, and future directions of hydrogel‐based gene delivery techniques.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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