Imperialism and the Victorians: The Dynamics of Territorial Expansion

Darwin, John

doi:10.1093/ehr/cxii.447.614

Cited by 105 publications

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“…6 Outside of the realms of formal imperial control, British military and trading dominance was nonetheless projected in several spheres of influence; this has been characterized by John Darwin (1997) and others as Britain's 'informal empire'. 7 This concept has been problematic in imperial history: Steve Tsang (1997) argues that, deriving as it does from studies of African colonies, the concept is irrelevant to East Asia.…”

Section: Applying Theories Of Informal Empire and The Official MImentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Mentions of Korea in British Parliamentary Debates

Sweeney¹

2017

korea Observer - inst n.a stud

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In the late nineteenth century, Korea was at the nexus of Great Power contestation in East Asia. Having existed within the sphere of China for centuries, it found itself the subject of expansionary ambitions by the Russian and Japanese empires, and also drawn, in a limited way, into the sphere of Britain's informal empire. This paper discusses the extent to which a Korean dimension was incorporated into British parliamentary discourse in this period. It analyzes the Korean issues that captured the attention of British MPs, and examines the extent of their knowledge of Korean affairs in the late nineteenth century. It also considers the relevance of concepts of 'informal empire' and the 'official mind' to the discussion of East Asian imperial and geopolitical history in the late nineteenth century.

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Section: Applying Theories Of Informal Empire and The Official MImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Bickers (2006), Osterhammel (1986) and others have found useful insights in applying the concept to British geopolitics in East Asia. According to Darwin (1997) Studies, vol. 40, no.…”

Section: Applying Theories Of Informal Empire and The Official MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Mentions of Korea in British Parliamentary Debates

Sweeney¹

2017

korea Observer - inst n.a stud

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“…Manter um império de forma bem sucedida é uma tarefa extraordinariamente difícil. No caso da Grã Bretanha, o que a fez se mover do império informal para o formal foi, diversas vezes, a rivalidade estratégica em termos consistentes com o neo-realismo; mas também foi freqüentemente o resultado de mudanças socioeconômicas na periferia, de crises locais que pareciam ameaçar a estabilidade do controle e o prestígio do poder imperial, e de uma grande variedade de pontos conectando o exterior imperial com o interior local (Darwin, 1997). Conforme o sistema distancia-se da era dos impérios formais, as opções disponíveis para a as potências têm sido repetidamente constrangidas pelas ações dos fracos e pelas instabilidades da periferia.…”

Section: Definições E Distinçõesunclassified

Pax Americana ou o império da insegurança?

Hurrell

2005

Rev. bras. polít. int.

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IntroduçãoO objetivo deste artigo é determinar o papel e a posição dos Estados Unidos em um contexto abrangente e histórico e tentar escapar da imediatez da discussão corrente sobre as escolhas estratégicas que Washington fez, está em vistas de fazer, ou que poderá fazer no futuro. O artigo está dividido em três partes. Na primeira seção, apresenta-se o questionamento de algumas premissas que são constantemente feitas sobre a noção de império, particularmente sobre a inevitabilidade de seu fim sobre a redundância e o anacronismo do império como forma de ordem política, e a conseqüente implicação de que o foco natural das relações internacionais devem ser as relações entre Estados ou Estados-nação. A profunda extensão do poder dos Estados Unidos e a aparente obviedade da opinião de que estamos vivendo em um mundo unipolar trouxeram de volta a linguagem de império e têm levado muitos a ver os Estados Unidos como um poder imperial. A segunda seção considera como devemos entender esse poder. A argumentação de que noções de império informal oferecem algumas vantagens analíticas, mas negligenciam a importância do papel do poder militar e da coerção na evolução da política externa americana, e a importância de regras, normas e instituições -o que pode ser chamado do lado formal do dito império informal. Também é discutido que é analiticamente mais útil compreender os Estados Unidos como um hegemon a vê-lo como um poder imperial porque, ao fazê-lo, o analista é forçado a concentrar-se diretamente em questões cruciais tais como negociação, legitimidade e a necessidade do hegemon conseguir adeptos e seguidores. Muitos acreditam que hegemonia é uma forma de controle mais superficial e menos impactante que império. Embora isso seja verdadeiro de certa forma, sugere-se que a hegemonia dos Estados Unidos é marcada por várias forças históricas e estruturais Rev. Bras. Polít. Int. 48 (2): 30-54 [2005]

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“…15 Rather than provide another critique of these theories -as has been done elsewhere 16 -this paper proposes to remind readers of a solid model of empire that is infrequently cited, but of real use when analysing specific local examples of imperial expansion and consolidation. John Darwin's notion of 'imperial bridgeheads', originally published in The English Historical Review in 1997 17 , proposes that descriptions of British imperial expansion should acknowledge the "pluralism of British society"; the "diversity of British interests at work in the periphery"; and pay "careful attention to the international constraints which shaped mid-as well as late Victorian expansion": As Gallagher and Robinson rightly insisted, it was the energy of private British interests -settler, commercial, missionary amongst others -which supplied much of the dynamic behind Victorian expansion (617).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Trans‐Tasman Cable, the Australasian Bridgehead and Imperial History

Smithies

2008

History Compass

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We are running a race with Time; we outstrip the sun, with the round world for the race-course. 1 The implementation of an imperial telegraph network over the course of the late nineteenth century caused a considerable amount of ink to be spilled, in praise, in fear and in confusion. By 1876, with the completion of the trans-Tasman cable between Australia and New Zealand, the British government could communicate with all of its major colonies by electric telegraph. As long as the lines remained intact (this was by no means a certainty), a message could be conveyed from London to Wellington, New Zealand, via the "thunderbolts of Jove". 2 The rapid contraction of time and space that this entailed was much commented upon by contemporaries, who marvelled at the reduction in communication time between England and her antipodes from 3-4 months to a matter of hours. As the most distant colony in the empire, New Zealanders took up the new technology with alacrity: by 1904 New Zealand telegraph traffic ran at twice the rate of any other country in the world, and 5 times the rate in the United States. 3 Although the bulk of these messages merely circuited throughout New Zealand and wider Australasia, it is quite clear that the telegraph was quickly identified as a useful tool of colonisation and nation building.Of course, the growth of the nineteenth century telegraph network captivated people worldwide. It came to symbolise the new power over nature represented by technological modernity. One commentator referred to the wires as "the nerves of the earth" 4 and early biologists like Emil DuBois-Reymond (1818-1896) used the metaphor of telegraph systems to formulate his theory of the human nervous system. 5

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Imperialism and the Victorians: The Dynamics of Territorial Expansion

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Early Mentions of Korea in British Parliamentary Debates

Early Mentions of Korea in British Parliamentary Debates

Pax Americana ou o império da insegurança?

The Trans‐Tasman Cable, the Australasian Bridgehead and Imperial History

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