Impaired retrieval processes evident during visual working memory in schizophrenia

Lynn, Peter A.; Kang, Seung Suk; Sponheim, Scott R.

doi:10.1016/j.scog.2016.07.002

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A minimum of two trained raters (advanced doctoral students in clinical psychology, postdoctoral researchers, or licensed psychologists) reached consensus on all diagnoses, based on the DSM-IV-TR criteria (American Psychological Association, 2000). Additional participant and study information is detailed in previous publications (Goghari, Macdonald, & Sponheim, 2014; Lynn, Kang, & Sponheim, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced influence of perceptual context in schizophrenia: behavioral and neurophysiological evidence

et al. 2019

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Background Accurate perception of visual contours is essential for seeing and differentiating objects in the environment. Both the ability to detect visual contours and the influence of perceptual context created by surrounding stimuli are diminished in people with schizophrenia (SCZ). The central aim of the present study was to better understand the biological underpinnings of impaired contour integration and weakened effects of perceptual context. Additionally, we sought to determine whether visual perceptual abnormalities reflect genetic factors in SCZ and are present in other severe mental disorders. Methods We examined behavioral data and event-related potentials (ERPs) collected during the perception of simple linear contours embedded in similar background stimuli in 27 patients with SCZ, 23 patients with bipolar disorder (BP), 23 first-degree relatives of SCZ, and 37 controls. Results SCZ exhibited impaired visual contour detection while BP exhibited intermediate performance. The orientation of neighboring stimuli (i.e. flankers) relative to the contour modulated perception across all groups, but SCZ exhibited weakened suppression by the perceptual context created by flankers. Late visual (occipital P2) and cognitive (centroparietal P3) neural responses showed group differences and flanker orientation effects, unlike earlier ERPs (occipital P1 and N1). Moreover, behavioral effects of flanker context on contour perception were correlated with modulation in P2 & P3 amplitudes. Conclusion In addition to replicating and extending findings of abnormal contour integration and visual context modulation in SCZ, we provide novel evidence that the abnormal use of perceptual context is associated with higher-order sensory and cognitive processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced influence of perceptual context in schizophrenia: behavioral and neurophysiological evidence

et al. 2019

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“…Additional participant and study information is detailed in previous publications (Goghari et al 2014;Lynn et al 2016) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Influence of Perceptual Context in Schizophrenia: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Evidence

Pokorny

Lano

Schallmo

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Words: 248 Body Words: 4379 Tables: 1 Figures:4 Supplemental Information: 3 pages of text Pokorny et al. 2 Abstract Background: Accurate perception of visual contours is essential for seeing and differentiating objects in the environment. Both the ability to detect visual contours and the influence of perceptual context created by surrounding stimuli are diminished in people with schizophrenia. The central aim of the present study was to better understand the biological underpinnings of impaired contour integration and weakened effects of perceptual context. Additionally, we sought to determine whether visual perceptual abnormalities reflect genetic factors in schizophrenia and are present in other severe mental disorders. Methods: We examined behavioral data and event-related potentials (ERPs) collected during the perception of simple linear contours embedded in similar background stimuli in 27 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), 23 patients with bipolar disorder, 23 first-degree relatives of SCZ and 37 controls. Results: SCZ exhibited impaired visual contour detection while patients with bipolar disorder exhibited intermediate performance. The orientation of neighboring stimuli (i.e., flankers) relative to the contour modulated perception across all groups, but SCZ exhibited weakened suppression by the perceptual context created by flankers. Late visual (occipital P2) and cognitive (centroparietal P3) neural responses showed group differences and flanker orientation effects, unlike earlier ERPs (occipital P1 and N1). Moreover, behavioral effects of flanker context on contour perception were correlated with modulation in P2/P3 amplitudes.Conclusion: In addition to replicating and extending findings of abnormal contour integration and visual context modulation in SCZ, we provide novel evidence that abnormal use of perceptual context is associated with higher-order sensory and cognitive processes.Butler PD, Abeles IY, Silverstein SM, Dias EC, Weiskopf NG, Calderone DJ, Sehatpour P (2013). An event-related potential examination of contour integration deficits in schizophrenia. Frontiers in psychology 4 , 132.

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“…Brain challenge using cognitive tasks have been used to study dynamic brain activities during processing of external information. Analysis of brain activity changes from baseline to the active stage during a cognitive challenge may be helpful to better understand the dynamic abnormalities of information processing in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, as has been studied in other neurological conditions, such as schizophrenia, mTBI, migraine [1–3], and symptomatic AD [4–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha desynchronization during simple working memory unmasks pathological aging in cognitively healthy individuals

et al. 2019

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Our aim is to explore if cognitive challenge combined with objective physiology can reveal abnormal frontal alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD), in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We used quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) to investigate brain activities during N-back working memory (WM) processing at two different load conditions (N = 0 or 2) in an aging cohort. We studied 60–100 year old participants, with normal cognition, and who fits one of two subgroups from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins: cognitively healthy (CH) with normal amyloid/tau ratio (CH-NAT, n = 10) or pathological amyloid/tau ratio (CH-PAT, n = 14). We recorded behavioral performances, and analyzed alpha power and alpha spectral entropy (SE) at three occasions: during the resting state, and at event-related desynchronization (ERD) [250 ~ 750 ms] during 0-back and 2-back. During 0-back WM testing, the behavioral performance was similar between the two groups, however, qEEG notably differentiated CH-PATs from CH-NATs on the simple, 0-back testing: Alpha ERD decreased from baseline only in the parietal region in CH-NATs, while it decreased in all brain regions in CH-PATs. Alpha SE did not change in CH-NATs, but was increased from baseline in the CH-PATs in frontal and left lateral regions (p<0.01), and was higher in the frontal region (p<0.01) of CH-PATs compared to CH-NATs. The alpha ERD and SE analyses suggest there is frontal lobe dysfunction during WM processing in the CH-PAT stage. Additional power and correlations with behavioral performance were also explored. This study provide pilot information to further evaluate whether this biomarker has clinical significance.

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Impaired retrieval processes evident during visual working memory in schizophrenia

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Reduced influence of perceptual context in schizophrenia: behavioral and neurophysiological evidence

Reduced influence of perceptual context in schizophrenia: behavioral and neurophysiological evidence

Reduced Influence of Perceptual Context in Schizophrenia: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Evidence

Alpha desynchronization during simple working memory unmasks pathological aging in cognitively healthy individuals

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