Impaired learning and memory generated by hyperthyroidism is rescued by restoration of AMPA and NMDA receptors function

Brain functional connectivity in hyperthyroid patients: systematic review

“…Thyroid hormones have receptors in the cingulate cortices and hippocampi. T3 and T4 influence neurotransmitter systems such as glutamate ( Ritchie and Yeap, 2015 ; Zhu et al, 2022 ), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ( Yi et al, 2014 ; Prisciandaro et al, 2021 ), which are crucial for synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity in the cingulate cortices ( Prisciandaro et al, 2021 ). Alterations in thyroid hormone levels can disrupt the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, leading to changes in neural connectivity and function within the ACC and PCC and impairing hippocampal function, leading to deficits in memory consolidation, emotional processing, and spatial navigation ( Bavarsad et al, 2019 ).…”

Intergenerational toxic effects of parental exposure to [Cnmim]NO3 (n = 2,4,6) on nervous and skeletal development in zebrafish offspring

“…54 The transcriptomic data suggested that "neurotransmitter/ionotropic glutamate receptor complex," "AMPA glutamate receptor," and "apelin signaling pathway" were impacted by different [C n mim]NO 3 (n = 2, 4, 6). Previous studies have shown that the AMPA glutamate receptor is related to learning and memory, 55,56 and the neurotransmitter receptor is associated with neural information transmission. 57,58 We suggested that neurodevelopment changes are also one of the sensitive indicators of intergenerational toxicity.…”

Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol against Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Modulation of Neuroinflammation and Synaptic Plasticity Disruption in Mice

“…The hippocampus, a vital cerebral region intricately linked with cognitive function, is susceptible to synaptic impairment, thereby being intricately associated with the onset of learning and memory disorders. Studies have indicated that restoration of AMPAR and NMDAR functions holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for these conditions, as it has been demonstrated to alleviate core symptoms in various models of cognitive dysfunction . AMPAR and NMDAR, pivotal components for rapid excitatory synaptic transmission within the central nervous system, hold the responsibility of fostering synaptic plasticity as well as facilitating the intricate processes of learning and memory formation.…”

“…Studies have indicated that restoration of AMPAR and NMDAR functions holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for these conditions, as it has been demonstrated to alleviate core symptoms in various models of cognitive dysfunction. 35 AMPAR and NMDAR, pivotal components for rapid excitatory synaptic transmission within the central nervous system, hold the responsibility of fostering synaptic plasticity as well as facilitating the intricate processes of learning and memory formation. It represents a fundamental aspect of the brain's experience-based regulation of information processing and storage.…”