Impaired knowledge in individuals with heart failure: a middle range nursing theory

Abstract

Objective: To develop a middle range nursing theory of impaired knowledge in individuals with heart failure. Methods: Descriptive study of the cross type developed through the theoretical-causal validity method, which used six steps for theory building: Definition of the construction approach; Definition of theoretical-conceptual models; Definition of main concepts; Development of a pictorial scheme; Construction of propositions; and Establishment of causal relations and evidence for practice. Results: Twenty-four articles were found, which identified two attributes, eight antecedents, and seven consequences, which gave rise to the pictogram, which schematized the concepts by relating them to cardiac physiology. Finally, 11 propositions and four causal relationships were created. Conclusion: The constructed theory enables a targeted driving of nurses’ clinical judgment regarding impaired knowledge in individuals with heart failure, culminating in individualized interventions to improve quality of life.

Analysis of the content of the nursing diagnosis deficient knowledge in individuals with heart failure

“…What are the antecedents and consequences of deficient knowledge in HF patients? (Silva et al., 2022).…”

“…The present study corresponds to the second stage, which comprises the analysis of the concepts of the phenomenon of interest by judges. These were validated in the first stage (theoretical‐causal validity), through the elaboration of a medium range theory (MRT) (Silva et al., 2022).…”

“…Thus, it established the equivalence of the elements of the MRT with the components of the ND. That is, the essential attributes comprised the definition of the diagnosis; the antecedents were categorized into related factors, associated conditions, and populations at risk; and the consequent ones formed the defining characteristics (Silva et al., 2022).…”

“…What are the antecedents and consequences of deficient knowledge in HF patients? (Silva et al, 2022). Among these, the concepts of the phenomenon of interest articulated through MRT were as follows: the essential attributes (vague answers to questions, inadequate information), antecedents (anxiety, nonparticipation of the patient in the planning of their health care, inadequate guidance offered by health professionals, fragile relationship between professional and individual, low education of the individual and/or caregiver, elderly, mild cognitive impairment, depression), and consequent (increase in hospital readmissions, inaccurate statements about the disease and/or therapy, deficit in self-care performance, inadequate performance in the management of complications, impaired social interaction, worsening in quality of life, follow-up of inadequate education) (Silva et al, 2022).…”

Deficient knowledge in patients with heart failure: A study of diagnostic accuracy and etiological relationships

“…In a previous study, the stages of theoretical‐causal validity and content were performed through the construction of an MRT (Silva et al., 2022) and the analysis of the equivalent elements of NANDA‐I 2018–2020 (Herdman & Kamitsuru, 2018) by 48 judges, being proposed as clinical indicators (defining characteristics): inaccurate statements about the disease and/or therapy, inadequate performance in the management of complications, follow‐up of inadequate education, increased hospital readmissions, worsening in quality of life (QL), and deficit in self‐care performance (Silva, 2019).…”