Impaired Endothelial Function in Preadolescent Children With Type 1 Diabetes

Babar, Ghufran; Zidan, Hanaa; Widlansky, Michael E.; Das, Emon; Hoffmann, Raymond G.; Daoud, Marwan; Alemzadeh, Ramin

doi:10.2337/dc10-2134

Cited by 78 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…While endothelial function was impaired in patients with JIA, arterial stiffness indices did not differ between patients with JIA and healthy controls, and IMT was increased only in patients with systemic JIA. Similar findings have been previously reported in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus; endothelial dysfunction was reported in the absence of structural atherosclerotic changes (37). Previous studies in various populations have shown that endothelial dysfunction is detected long before the angiographic appearance of atherosclerosis on the vessel wall (22) and has been reported to predict the progression of carotid IMT (38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Changes in vascular function and structure in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Vlahos¹,

Theocharis²,

Bechlioulis³

et al. 2011

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. Chronic inflammatory diseases in adults have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and impaired vascular function. We aimed to assess the presence of early vascular dysfunction in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and investigate the role of inherent inflammatory process of JIA in vascular health. Methods. Thirty patients with JIA (age range 7-18 years) were compared to 33 age-and sex-matched controls. Endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation [FMD]), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and arterial stiffness were examined. Endothelial inflammation was assessed by intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin measurements. Results. Patients with JIA showed decreased FMD compared to controls (P ‫؍‬ 0.001), independent of age (P ‫؍‬ 0.9 among age subgroups). Baseline differences in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ICAM-1, and glucose between the 2 groups accounted for the difference in FMD. The presence of systemic JIA was associated with greater IMT compared to patients with oligoarticular disease, polyarticular disease, or controls (P ‫؍‬ 0.014, P ‫؍‬ 0.069, and P ‫؍‬ 0.046, respectively). The difference in IMT between systemic versus oligoarticular/polyarticular JIA was attributed to the following risk factors: age, body mass index, blood pressure, disease activity, and corticosteroids use. There were no differences in arterial stiffness indices between JIA patients and controls or between patients with systemic versus nonsystemic disease. Conclusion. Endothelial function is impaired in patients with JIA at a very young age, while IMT is increased only in the presence of systemic JIA. Vascular dysfunction may be partly attributed to the effects of disease-related characteristics (inflammation, disease activity, and medications).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Changes in vascular function and structure in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Vlahos¹,

Theocharis²,

Bechlioulis³

et al. 2011

Arthritis Care & Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With regard to the magnitude of the observed association of postnatal weight gain with later subclinical atherosclerosis, a 2-kg difference in heightadjusted postnatal weight gain (,2 SDs) was associated with a 0.024-mm difference in carotid IMT, similar to that associated with type 1 diabetes in children of a similar age. [22][23][24] These data suggest that weight gain during the first 18 months after birth may be an important determinant of future vascular health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Gain in Infancy and Vascular Risk Factors in Later Childhood

Skilton

Marks

Ayer³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that early weight gain would be associated with incident obesity, higher blood pressure, systemic inflammation, and arterial wall thickening in later childhood. METHODS: A longitudinal birth cohort was recruited antenatally from 2 maternity hospitals in Sydney, Australia, between September 1997 and December 1999. Three hundred ninety-five nondiabetic children who were followed to age 8 years had complete data for early weight gain and arterial wall thickness. RESULTS: Independent predictors of excess early weight gain (age 0–18 months; adjusted for height gain) included male gender (0.411 kg [SE: 0.103], P < .001), fewer weeks’ gestation (−0.121 kg [SE: 0.044] per week, P = .006), birth length (0.156 kg [SE: 0.024] per cm, P < .001), and failure to breastfeed to 6 months of age (0.498 kg [SE: 0.108], P < .001). Early height-adjusted weight gain was significantly associated with later childhood overweight (odds ratio [OR]: 1.67 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26 to 2.20] per kg) and obesity (OR: 2.07 [95% CI: 1.53 to 2.79] per kg), excess central adiposity (OR: 1.54 [95% CI: 1.20 to 1.98] per kg), higher systolic blood pressure (1.24 mm Hg [SE: 0.33] per kg, P < .001), higher C-reactive protein (0.17 mg/dL [SE: 0.06] per 100% increase in weight gain, P = .006), and greater carotid intima-media thickness (0.012 mm [SE: 0.004] per kg, P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Early postnatal weight gain from birth to age 18 months is significantly associated with later childhood overweight and obesity, excess central adiposity, and greater arterial wall thickness.

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“…Recent data suggest that endothelial dysfunction occurs very early in the course of the development of vascular pathology. For example, these features have been reported in preadolescent children with type I diabetes, 3 and other studies have also reported the increased presence of markers of endothelial activation and perturbation along with carotid intima-media thickening, 4 in early type I diabetes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of early endothelial dysfunction in diabetes is critical for prevention of long-term complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in hyperglycaemia-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction: Protective role of resveratrol

Joshi

Williams

Horlock

et al. 2015

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research

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Microvascular complications are now recognized to play a major role in diabetic complications, and understanding the mechanisms is critical. Endothelial dysfunction occurs early in the course of the development of complications; the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction may occur in a diabetic rat heart and may act as a source of the oxidative stress. However, the role of endothelial cell-specific mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic vascular complications is poorly studied. Here, we studied the role of diabetes-induced abnormal endothelial mitochondrial function and the resultant endothelial dysfunction. Understanding the role of endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic vasculature is critical in order to develop new therapies. We demonstrate that hyperglycaemia leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in microvascular endothelial cells, and that mitochondrial inhibition induces endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that resveratrol acts as a protective agent; resveratrol-mediated mitochondrial protection may be used to prevent long-term diabetic cardiovascular complications.

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Impaired Endothelial Function in Preadolescent Children With Type 1 Diabetes

Cited by 78 publications

References 23 publications

Changes in vascular function and structure in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Changes in vascular function and structure in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Weight Gain in Infancy and Vascular Risk Factors in Later Childhood

Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in hyperglycaemia-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction: Protective role of resveratrol

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