Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in hyperglycaemia-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction: Protective role of resveratrol

Abstract

Microvascular complications are now recognized to play a major role in diabetic complications, and understanding the mechanisms is critical. Endothelial dysfunction occurs early in the course of the development of complications; the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction may occur in a diabetic rat heart and may act as a source of the oxidative stress. However, the role of endothelial cell-specific mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic vascular complications is poorly studied. Here, we studied the role of diabetes-induced abnormal endothelial mitochondrial function and the resultant endothelial dysfunction. Understanding the role of endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic vasculature is critical in order to develop new therapies. We demonstrate that hyperglycaemia leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in microvascular endothelial cells, and that mitochondrial inhibition induces endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that resveratrol acts as a protective agent; resveratrol-mediated mitochondrial protection may be used to prevent long-term diabetic cardiovascular complications.

Naringin Protects Against High Glucose-Induced Human Endothelial Cell Injury Via Antioxidation and CX3CL1 Downregulation

“…Recent studies have reported that naringin can ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction [20, 30, 31]. Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus is increasingly being seen as a key mechanism that leads to atherosclerotic complications in diabetes [32]. Our data revealed that naringin rescued the lowered OCR, basal respiration, ATP production, maximal respiration and respiratory reserve capacity in cells exposed to a high glucose concentration.…”

Resveratrol, an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury

“…Resveratrol could be useful to treat various diseases; for example, it has anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory effects, such as prolonging lifespan, which have been reported [ 13 ]. Resveratrol is known to activate both Nrf2 and SIRT1, and activation of these proteins by resveratrol is regulated by oxidative stress and mitochondrial biogenesis through increased antioxidant protein expression and PGC-1α deacetylation [ 14 ].…”

Nutraceutical prospective: The synergetic mechanism of action of inositols and resveratrol on metabolic syndrome

“…Furthermore, hyperglycaemia in microvascular endothelial cells leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, resveratrol-mediated mitochondrial protection could be used to prevent long-term diabetic cardiovascular complications (32). Indeed, resveratrol's effect on metabolic health has received considerable attention in the last decade.…”