Impacts of urbanization on plant and bird communities in forest ecosystems

Friesen, Lyle

doi:10.5558/tfc74855-6

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the USA, 37% of single-family homes are located within this area (Stewart et al, 2003). The presence of housing developments significantly alters the structure and function of forest ecosystems (Theobald et al, 1997;Friesen, 1998), and the manner in which they can be managed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of mechanical fuel reduction treatments on the activity of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) infesting ponderosa pine

Fettig

McMillin

Anhold

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of mechanical fuel reduction treatments on the activity of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) infesting ponderosa pine

Fettig

McMillin

Anhold

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…As well as contributing to mortality and neophobia, human presence in natural areas can cause changes to the vegetation that leave habitats unsuitable to species that once inhabited them (Hoehne 1981, Friesen 1998. Increased foot and bike traffic and off-leash pets in publicly accessible areas can degrade the sapling, shrub, and groundcover layers and reduce the amount of leaf litter (Whitecotton et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Before-and-after evidence that urbanization contributes to the decline of a migratory songbird

Heide¹,

Friesen²,

Martin³

et al. 2023

ACE

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Although urbanization is widely believed to be an increasing threat to biodiversity, drawing strong inferences about its effects on wildlife has been challenging because the state of a population prior to development is rarely known. The Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) is a steeply declining migratory songbird that breeds in North American temperate deciduous forests and winters in Central America. From 1987 to 2001, Wood Thrush abundance and daily nest survival were measured in 72 forest fragments across Waterloo Region, Ontario, Canada. Some of these fragments have since been surrounded by urbanization while others have remained rural. In 2020 and 2021, we reassessed Wood Thrush abundance and daily nest survival in these same fragments by replicating point count and nest monitoring protocols. Our results suggest that Wood Thrush have declined most steeply in fragments with development built within 1 km during the intervening 20-year period (-79% vs. only -57% elsewhere), although experiencing no decline in daily nest survival over the same time period, regardless of development. Our findings provide rare before-and-after evidence that urbanization near breeding habitat is contributing to a pronounced localized decline of a migratory songbird, likely by mechanisms unrelated to nest survival. Des données avant-après indiquent que l'urbanisation contribue au déclin d'un passereau migrateurRÉSUMÉ. Même si l'on considère généralement que l'urbanisation constitue une menace croissante pour la biodiversité, il est difficile de tirer des conclusions solides quant à ses effets sur la faune sauvage, car l'état d'une population avant la construction des lotissements est rarement connu. La Grive des bois (Hylocichla mustelina) est un passereau migrateur en forte baisse qui se reproduit dans les forêts feuillues tempérées d'Amérique du Nord et hiverne en Amérique centrale. De 1987 à 2001, l'abondance de la Grive des bois et la survie quotidienne au nid ont été mesurées dans 72 parcelles de forêt de la région de Waterloo, en Ontario, au Canada. Certaines de ces parcelles ont depuis été entourées par des lotissements tandis que d'autres sont restées dans leur état rural. En 2020 et 2021, nous avons réévalué l'abondance de la Grive des bois et la survie quotidienne au nid dans ces mêmes parcelles en reproduisant les protocoles de dénombrement par points d'écoute et de suivi des nids. Nos résultats montrent que la Grive des bois a connu la baisse la plus marquée dans les parcelles où des lotissements ont été construits à moins d'un kilomètre au cours de la période de 20 ans (-79 % contre seulement -57 % ailleurs), bien que la survie quotidienne au nid n'ait connu aucune diminution au cours de la même période, peu importe si des lotissements ont été construits ou non à proximité. Nos résultats fournissent de rares données avant et après indiquant que l'urbanisation à proximité de l'habitat de nidification contribue au déclin localisé prononcé d'un passereau migrateur, probablement par des mécanismes qui ne sont pas liés à la ...

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“…The present study analyzed that avian community varied with variations in land cover classes viz., residential area, small vegetation, woody trees / bushes. Chace and Walsh 2006) and Friesen (1998) analyzed impacts of urbanization on structure and composition of avifauna. The evidences supported that increasing structural complexity in habitat structure provided larger degrees of heterogeneity that enables birds to occupy more niches (Poulsen 2002, Machtans & Latour 2003, Loyola & Martins 2008, Shochat et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian assemblage along an urban gradient: diversity, abundance and richness

et al. 2020

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Diversity in avian assemblages of urban (UR), peri-urban (PE) and rural (RU) areas was studied to explore variations in the avian community dynamics in rural – urban gradient. For this purpose, sampling was done from September 2013 to August 2015. A total of 35 sites, each covering an area of 300 m2 were sampled by using point count method. At each site, randomly three points (minimally 5 m apart from each other) were selected to study the birds. According to data, species richness (F2, 32=47.18, P<0.001) varied significantly along a rural-urban gradient. A significant difference in avian density per sampling site (F2, 32=105.41, P<0.001) was also observed along urbanization gradient. In PE and RU areas, avian assemblages were more diverse than UR areas. Among avian guilds, omnivores were the most abundant in UR while insectivores in PE areas. Frugivores and carnivores were abundant in RU areas. Granivores were recorded in all habitats with similar diversity. A close association was recorded in bird density of RU and PE areas than UR areas. Bird species richness and diversity showed negative correlation with built area and positive correlation with vegetation cover in an area.

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Impacts of urbanization on plant and bird communities in forest ecosystems

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

The effects of mechanical fuel reduction treatments on the activity of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) infesting ponderosa pine

The effects of mechanical fuel reduction treatments on the activity of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) infesting ponderosa pine

Before-and-after evidence that urbanization contributes to the decline of a migratory songbird

Avian assemblage along an urban gradient: diversity, abundance and richness

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