Impacts of thermal circulations induced by urbanization on ozone formation in the Pearl River Delta region, China

Li, Mengmeng; Song, Yu; Mao, Zhichun; Liu, Mingxu; Huang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.10.075

Cited by 72 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…For the grids outside of China, the inventory developed by Q. Zhang et al (2009) is used. The biomass burning emissions are acquired from the work of Li et al (2016). The biogenic emissions are calculated online by using MEGAN2.04 (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature; Guenther et al, 2006).…”

Section: Wrf/chem and Its Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the most urbanized and industrialized part of South China, PRD has become the largest metropolitan area in the world within a very short time (Word Bank Group, 2015). Thus, many previous studies have tried to identify the effects of urbanization on urban climate and air quality in this region (Lo et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2010;Meng et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011;Feng et al, 2012Feng et al, , 2014Chen et al, 2014b;Li et al, 2014Li et al, , 2016. Among these studies, most researchers merely investigated how the expansion of urban land use influences meteorology processes (Lo et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2010;Meng et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2011;Feng et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2014b;.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these studies, most researchers merely investigated how the expansion of urban land use influences meteorology processes (Lo et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2010;Meng et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2011;Feng et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2014b;. Some also linked these changes in meteorological factors with regional air quality and quantified the impacts of land-use change on air pollution (Wang et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2014b;Li et al, 2014Li et al, , 2016. Only a few researchers took AH into account (Meng et al, 2011;Feng et al, 2012Feng et al, , 2014.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…surfaces to artificial ones (Civerolo et al, 2007;Lo et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2007;Jiang et al, 2008;Lu et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2014b;Liao et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016) and the release of anthropogenic heat from human activities in cities (Ryu et al, 2013;Yu et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2016). Anthropogenic heat (AH) can increase turbulent fluxes in sensible and latent heat (Oke, 1988), implying that it can modulate local and regional meteorological processes (Ichinose et al, 1999;Block et al, 2004;Fan and Sailor, 2005;Ferguson and Woodbury, 2007;Zhu et al, 2010;Feng et al, 2012Feng et al, , 2014Menberg et al, 2013;Ryu et al, 2013;Wu and Yang, 2013;Bohnenstengel et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2014a;Meng et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2016) and thereby exert an important influence on the formation and the distribution of ozone (Ryu et al, 2013;Yu et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2016) as well as aerosols (Yu et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Changes in regional meteorology induced by anthropogenic heat and their impacts on air quality in South China

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Anthropogenic heat (AH) emissions from human activities can change the urban circulation and thereby affect the air pollution in and around cities. Based on statistic data, the spatial distribution of AH flux in South China is estimated. With the aid of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF/Chem), in which the AH parameterization is developed to incorporate the gridded AH emissions with temporal variation, simulations for January and July in 2014 are performed over South China. By analyzing the differences between the simulations with and without adding AH, the impact of AH on regional meteorology and air quality is quantified. The results show that the regional annual mean AH fluxes over South China are only 0.87 W m −2 , but the values for the urban areas of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region can be close to 60 W m −2 . These AH emissions can significantly change the urban heat island and urban-breeze circulations in big cities. In the PRD city cluster, 2 m air temperature rises by 1.1 • in January and over 0.5 • in July, the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) increases by 120 m in January and 90 m in July, 10 m wind speed is intensified to over 0.35 m s −1 in January and 0.3 m s −1 in July, and accumulative precipitation is enhanced by 20-40 % in July. These changes in meteorological conditions can significantly impact the spatial and vertical distributions of air pollutants. Due to the increases in PBLH, surface wind speed and upward vertical movement, the concentrations of primary air pollutants decrease near the surface and increase in the upper levels. But the vertical changes in O 3 concentrations show the different patterns in different seasons. The surface O 3 concentrations in big cities increase with maximum values of over 2.5 ppb in January, while O 3 is reduced at the lower layers and increases at the upper layers above some megacities in July. This phenomenon can be attributed to the fact that chemical effects can play a significant role in O 3 changes over South China in winter, while the vertical movement can be the dominant effect in some big cities in summer. Adding the gridded AH emissions can better describe the heterogeneous impacts of AH on regional meteorology and air quality, suggesting that more studies on AH should be carried out in climate and air quality assessments.

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Section: Wrf/chem and Its Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Changes in regional meteorology induced by anthropogenic heat and their impacts on air quality in South China

et al. 2016

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“…The current modelling systems for air quality management in the study area focus primarily on the mechanisms underlying the air quality problem or on collaborative simulations; they pay limited attention to the reproducibility of their modelling studies [17,[49][50][51][52]. Considering this background analysis, we applied the framework of the model base to the model environment and developed one VGE prototype to solve the replication problem in air quality simulation for scientific regional management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Model Base Framework for Model Environment Construction in a Virtual Geographic Environment (VGE)

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2017

IJGI

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Abstract:The model environment is a key component that enables a virtual geographic environment (VGE) to meet the scientific requirements for simulating dynamic phenomena and performing analyses. Considering the comprehensiveness of geographic processes and the requirements for the replication of model-based research, this paper proposes a model base framework for a model environment of a VGE that supports both model construction and modelling management, resulting in improved reproducibility. In this framework, model management includes model metadata, creation, deposition, encapsulation, integration, and adaptation; while modelling management focuses on invoking the model, model computation, and runtime control of the model. Based on this framework, to consider the problem of ever-worsening air quality, we applied the Linux-Apache-MySQL-Perl stack plus Supervisor to implement the model base to support a VGE prototype using professional meteorological and air quality models. Using this VGE prototype, we simulated a typical air pollution case for January 2010. The prototype not only illustrates how a VGE application can be built on the proposed model base, but also facilitates air quality simulations and emergency management.

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Potential impacts of urban land expansion on Asian airborne pollutant outflows

et al. 2017

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Eastern part of China (EPC) has experienced rapid urbanization during the past few decades. Here we investigate the impacts of urban land expansion over EPC on the export of Asian pollutants to the western Pacific during January, April, July, and October of 2009 using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to Chemistry (WRF/Chem) and a single‐layer urban canopy scheme. Over urbanizing areas, increases in the urban land fraction result in a linearly enhanced uplift of surface primary pollutants to higher altitudes. We further examine how this local effect would change outflows of Asian pollutants to the western Pacific using the tagged black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) tracers emitted from EPC (denoted by BCt and COt, respectively). Overall, a 0.1 increase in the fraction of land area that is urban over EPC would linearly (R2 = 0.70–0.96) increase the mean tropospheric eastward export of BCt and COt across meridional planes (i.e., 135°E and 150°E) by 4–40% and 1–6% in different months, respectively. The relative perturbation in exporting efficiency generally maximizes during July while minimizes during April. The urbanization‐export relationship is largely driven by the elevation effect and is also impacted by urbanization‐forced changes in zonal winds. The spatial pattern of the response of BCt over the downwind Pacific differs from that of COt mainly due to aerosol‐cloud interactions. Our findings demonstrate that extensive urban land expansion could substantially impact climate and air quality from a local scale to a regional scale, especially for shorter‐lived air pollutants such as BC and other aerosols.

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Impacts of thermal circulations induced by urbanization on ozone formation in the Pearl River Delta region, China

Cited by 72 publications

References 61 publications

Changes in regional meteorology induced by anthropogenic heat and their impacts on air quality in South China

Changes in regional meteorology induced by anthropogenic heat and their impacts on air quality in South China

Design of a Model Base Framework for Model Environment Construction in a Virtual Geographic Environment (VGE)

Potential impacts of urban land expansion on Asian airborne pollutant outflows

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