Impacts of surface boundary conditions on regional climate model simulations of European climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Ludwig, Patrick; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Raible, Christoph C.; Shao, Yaping

doi:10.1002/2017gl073622

Cited by 49 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In a recent application, the regional weather research and forecasting (WRF) model was adapted to LGM boundary conditions and 30‐year time slices were simulated . The authors showed some added value of the RCM compared to the driving GCM simulation.…”

Section: The Last Glacial Maximummentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Due to their large extent, ice sheets are able to influence the atmospheric circulation . Thus, the application of RCMs to glacial periods demands a careful, and in the literature barely addressed, implementation of the available ice sheet and land‐sea‐mask information as surface boundary conditions …”

Section: Models and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further improvement of the glacial climate, particularly in Western Europe, is achieved when prescribing the North Atlantic SSTs according to reconstructions. In this case, the RCM is able to simulate the southern permafrost margin much more realistically than the GCM . Much effort is currently underway to improve this interpretation and refine field data for the LGM permafrost extent .…”

Section: The Last Glacial Maximummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27] Furthermore, some regional modeling studies focused on the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) 28 defined as the time period of the maximum global land ice volume from 22 to 19 ky ago. 29,30 As illustrated in studies for the New Zealand Alps 31 and the Cordilleran ice sheet, 32 precipitation obtained from high-resolution LGM simulations is beneficial for mountain glacier modeling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Ludwig

Gómez-Navarro

Pinto

et al. 2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Regional climate modeling bridges the gap between the coarse resolution of current global climate models and the regional-to-local scales, where the impacts of climate change are of primary interest. Here, we present a review of the added value of the regional climate modeling approach within the scope of paleoclimate research and discuss the current major challenges and perspectives. Two time periods serve as an example: the Holocene, including the Last Millennium, and the Last Glacial Maximum. Reviewing the existing literature reveals the benefits of regional paleo climate modeling, particularly over areas with complex terrain. However, this depends largely on the variable of interest, as the added value of regional modeling arises from a more realistic representation of physical processes and climate feedbacks compared to global climate models, and this affects different climate variables in various ways. In particular, hydrological processes have been shown to be better represented in regional models, and they can deliver more realistic meteorological data to drive ice sheet and glacier modeling. Thus, regional climate models provide a clear benefit to answer fundamental paleoclimate research questions and may be key to advance a meaningful joint interpretation of climate model and proxy data.

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Section: The Last Glacial Maximummentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Models and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Last Glacial Maximummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Ludwig

Gómez-Navarro

Pinto

et al. 2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…The rapid diurnal cycle of the boundary layer generates turbulence, which makes the boundary layer and its clouds challenging to represent in numerical weather prediction models and global climate models (Bony et al, 2015;Holtslag et al, 2013;Pithan et al, 2015). The challenges associated with boundary layer turbulence have implications for weather forecasting, assessment of regional climate variability (Ludwig et al, 2017), and climate change mitigation (Rigden & Li, 2017). Rapid atmospheric turbulence at the air-sea interface may have significant climatic impacts because of nonlinearities in the ocean's response to atmospheric forcing (Williams, 2012).…”

Section: Seconds and Minutes: Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

A Census of Atmospheric Variability From Seconds to Decades

Williams

Alexander

Barnes

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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This paper synthesizes and summarizes atmospheric variability on time scales from seconds to decades through a phenomenological census. We focus mainly on unforced variability in the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. In addition to atmosphere-only modes, our scope also includes coupled modes, in which the atmosphere interacts with the other components of the Earth system, such as the ocean, hydrosphere, and cryosphere. The topics covered include turbulence on time scales of seconds and minutes, gravity waves on time scales of hours, weather systems on time scales of days, atmospheric blocking on time scales of weeks, the Madden-Julian Oscillation on time scales of months, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation on time scales of years, and the North Atlantic, Arctic, Antarctic, Pacific Decadal, and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillations on time scales of decades. The paper serves as an introduction to a special collection of Geophysical Research Letters on atmospheric variability. We hope that both this paper and the collection will serve as a useful resource for the atmospheric science community and will act as inspiration for setting future research directions. the atmosphere interacts with the other components of the Earth system, such as the ocean, hydrosphere, and cryosphere. Given these interactions, and the importance of the atmosphere for weather and climate, our intended audience is the entire Geophysical Research Letters readership. Our aim is to provide an authoritative, concise, and accessible point of reference for the most important modes of atmospheric variability. This Commentary serves as an introductory foreword to a virtual special collection of Geophysical Research Letters on atmospheric variability. To initiate the collection, we have identified some of the most influential and definitive papers to have been published in this journal in recent years. Our hope and expectation is that this will be a living collection, which will grow over time whenever seminal new papers are published. The contents of the Commentary are ordered in terms of increasing time scale, from seconds and minutes (section 2), to hours (section 3), days (section 4), weeks (section 5), months (section 6), years (section 7), and decades (section 8). We note at the outset, however, that the time scales of many atmospheric phenomena are not unambiguously defined. For example, the Madden-Julian Oscillation (section 6) is monitored and WILLIAMS ET AL.

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A review of past changes in extratropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere and what can be learned for the future

Raible

Pinto

Ludwig

et al. 2020

WIREs Climate Change

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Extratropical cyclones, a major phenomenon of the mid‐latitude atmospheric dynamics, show strong variability over a range of time scales. Future projections hint at an increase of cyclonic intensity and the associated precipitation, an important fact to be considered when developing future risk assessments. This review presents a first overview of studies which (a) puts the current variability and projected future climate changes of extratropical cyclone characteristics in a long‐term perspective, (b) shows connections to natural external forcings, and (c) deepens our understanding of cyclone intensification processes for past climate periods. We summarize the current state of knowledge for two periods in the past—the last millennium and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21,000 years ago). For these two periods, the sparse information from paleo proxy archives are compared to climate modeling results on global and regional scales. For example, strong changes of the climate mean state, induced by orbital forcing and associated feedbacks, show strong effects on different cyclone characteristics, for example, a southward shift of the storm tracks over the North Atlantic during the LGM. Other findings indicate that dynamic processes could play at least an equally important role as thermodynamic processes for the variations of cyclone‐induced precipitation. This is in contrast to the projected future changes in cyclone‐related precipitation, which are driven primarily by thermodynamic processes. The review demonstrates how a paleoclimatic view can foster an extended process understanding and be instrumental to better understand future changes in extratropical cyclones and associated characteristics. This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change

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Impacts of surface boundary conditions on regional climate model simulations of European climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Cited by 49 publications

References 56 publications

Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

A Census of Atmospheric Variability From Seconds to Decades

A review of past changes in extratropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere and what can be learned for the future

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