Impacts of resistant starch and wheat bran consumption on enteric inflammation in relation to colonic bacterial community structures and short-chain fatty acid concentrations in mice

Abstract

Background: Identifying the connection among diet, the intestinal microbiome, and host health is currently an area of intensive research, but the potential of dietary fiber (DF) consumption to ameliorate intestinal inflammation has not been extensively studied. We examined the impacts of the DFs, wheat bran (WB) and resistant starch (RS) on host enteric health. A murine model of acute Th1/Th17 colitis (i.e. incited by Citrobacter rodentium) was used.Results: Diets enriched with RS increased weight gain in mice inoculated with C. rodentium compared to mice consuming a conventional control (CN) diet. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) quantities in the cecum and distal colon were higher in mice consuming DFs, and these mice exhibited higher butyrate concentrations in the distal colon during inflammation. Histopathologic scores of inflammation in the proximal colon on day 14 post-inoculation (p.i.) (peak infection) and 21 p.i. (late infection) were lower in mice consuming DF-enriched diets compared to the CN diet. Consumption of WB reduced the expression of Th1/Th17 cytokines. As well, the expression of bacterial recognition and response genes such as Relmβ, RegIIIγ, and Tlr4 increased in mice consuming the RS-enriched diets. Furthermore, each diet generated a region-specific bacterial community, suggesting a link between selection for specific bacterial communities, SCFA concentrations, and inflammation in the murine colon. Conclusions:Collectively, data indicated that the consumption of DF-rich diets ameliorates the effects of C. rodentium-induced enteritis by modifying the host microbiota to increase SCFA production, and bacterial recognition and response mechanisms to promote host health.

Dietary administration of resistant starch improved caecal barrier function by enhancing intestinal morphology and modulating microbiota composition in meat duck

“…Nofrarías et al (15) found that long-term intake of 25 or 35 % RPS could increase butyrate production and improve colonic mucosal integrity in pigs. In accordance, several studies have shown that mouse or rat diets supplemented with RS could promote gut health, which is likely attributable to an alteration in the microbial community characterised by increased butyrateproducing bacteria, thereby reducing inflammation and maintaining physiologic balance (17) . Moreover, Keenan et al (18) found that rats fed RS had increased gene transcription of proglucagon (Gcg) in the caecum.…”

Comparisons of Effects on Intestinal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentration after Exposure of Two Glycosidase Inhibitors in Mice

“…The concentrations of SCFA, including acetate, propionate and butyrate in intestinal tract increased in varying degrees after extra addition of slowly digested carbohydrates in daily diets, such as resistant starch, 39) guar gum, 40) pectin, 41) inulin 42) and so on. In this study, acarbose and voglibose significantly increased butyrate concentration (Fig.…”

Housing Gnotobiotic Mice in Conventional Animal Facilities

“…6. Using sterile iris scissors and forceps, conduct a midline laparotomy to exteriorize the intestine (Jiminez, Uwiera, Abbott, Uwiera, & Inglis, 2016).…”