Impacts of increasing ozone on Indian plants

Assessing the effects of ambient ozone in China on snap bean genotypes by using ethylenediurea (EDU)

“…AOT40 was 29.04 ppm.h, which exceeded by far both the AOT40 threshold established by WHO (3 ppm.h for 3 months) for agricultural crops (Roy et al, 2009), and the ozone critical level for most sensitive or moderately sensitive crop plants (8.6 ppm.h for a 3-month growing season) . With such high ozone levels occurring recurrently year after year, Beijing area is undoubtedly an important hotspot for this pollutant, only comparable (but above) to different parts of India Singh and Agrawal, 2011;Oksanen et al, 2013;Pandey et al, 2014;Singh et al, 2014), and with concentrations much above other parts of the world. In the short term, this situation is expected to last for years, and even to worsen as, contrary to USA and Europe, ozone precursors (mainly NO x ) are currently increasing in China at an annual rate of 5% (Feng et al, 2015).…”

Plant-Mediated Ecosystem Effects of Tropospheric Ozone

“…To overcome some of these limitations, open-top chambers (OTCs) were developed (Heagle et al 1973) and have been the most widely used O 3 exposure system up to now (e.g. Heagle et al 1988;Jäger et al 1999;Zheng et al 2013;Oksanen et al 2013;Burkart et al 2013). In OTCs, plants can be grown in their natural soil environment, in pots or as artificial model communities (mesocosms).…”

Ethylene-di-urea (EDU), an effective phytoproctectant against O₃ deleterious effects and a valuable research tool

“…Indeed, O 3 -induced foliar injury can be present on Asian cultivated plants when mean O 3 levels exceed 45 nmol mol -1 (Ahmad et al 2013). Higher levels of O 3 concentration may damage many plant species, such as rice (Chen et al 2008;Rai et al 2010;Wang et al 2012a;2012b;Oksanen et al 2013), wheat (Akhtar et al 2010;Ahmad et al 2013;Oksanen et al 2013), potato (Bambawale, 1986), onion (Ahmad et al 2013), mustard and linseed (Oksanen et al 2013), and woody plants (Nakaji et al 2004;Yamaguchi et al 2011;Koike et al 2012Koike et al , 2013. This reported scientific evidence underscores the necessity of protecting plants from the O 3 menace.…”