Impacts of Different Grades of Tropical Cyclones on Infectious Diarrhea in Guangdong, 2005-2011

Abstract

ObjectiveGuangdong province is one of the most vulnerable provinces to tropical cyclones in China. Most prior studies concentrated on the relationship between tropical cyclones and injuries and mortality. This study aimed to explore the impacts of different grades of tropical cyclones on infectious diarrhea incidence in Guangdong province, from 2005 to 2011.MethodsMann-Whitney U test was firstly used to examine if infectious diarrhea were sensitive to tropical cyclone. Then unidirectional 1:1 case-crossover design was performed to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between daily number of infectious diarrhea and tropical cyclone from 2005 to 2011 in Guangdong, China. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to eliminate multicollinearity. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThere were no significant relationships between tropical cyclone and bacillary dysentery, amebic dysentery, typhoid, and paratyphoid cases. Infectious diarrhea other than cholera, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid significantly increased after tropical cyclones. The strongest effect were shown on lag 1 day (HRs = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.22, 3.12) and no lagged effect was detected for tropical depression, tropical storm, severe tropical storm and typhoon, with the largest HRs (95%CI) of 2.16 (95%CI = 1.69, 2.76), 2.43 (95%CI = 1.65, 3.58) and 2.21 (95%CI = 1.65, 2.69), respectively. Among children below 5 years old, the impacts of all grades of tropical cyclones were strongest at lag 0 day. And HRs were 2.67 (95%CI = 1.10, 6.48), 2.49 (95%CI = 1.80, 3.44), 4.89 (95%CI = 2.37, 7.37) and 3.18 (95%CI = 2.10, 4.81), respectively.ConclusionAll grades of tropical cyclones could increase risk of other infectious diarrhea. Severe tropical storm has the strongest influence on other infectious diarrhea. The impacts of tropical cyclones on children under 5 years old were higher than total population.

Climate Change–Related Water Disasters’ Impact on Population Health

“…Increases in water temperature, precipitation frequency and severity, evaporation–transpiration rates, persistent humidity, and changes in coastal ecosystems increase the incidence of water contamination with harmful pathogens and chemicals, resulting in increased human exposure and waterborne disease (Ahmed, Scholz, Al‐Faraj, & Niaz, ; Alderman, Turner, & Tong, ; Davies et al., ; De Man et al., ; Dura et al., ; Gao, Zhang, Ding, Liu, & Jiang, ; Kang et al., ; Lin, Wade, & Hilborn, ; Phung et al., ; Wade, Lin, Jagai, & Hilborn, ). Flooding events in particular increased the incidence of the following three diseases: hepatitis A virus (Gao, Zhang, Ding, Liu, & Jiang, , Gao, Zhang, Ding, Liu, Wang, & Jiang, ), bacillary dysentery (Liu, Liu, Zhang, & Jiang, ; Liu, Li, et al., ; Lin, Wade, & Hilborn, ; Ni, Ding, Li, Li, & Jiang, ; Ni, Ding, Li, Li, Liu, & Jiang, ; Zhang, Ding, Liu, Zhang, & Jiang, ), and Campylobacter (Soneja et al., ).…”

Direct and indirect health impacts of climate change on the vulnerable elderly population in East China

“…Climate change is expected to lead to an increased number of storms and typhoons and East China is one of the regions seriously affected by tropical storms (Lu and Zhao 2013). Previous research in Guangdong, South China, found that the landing of tropical cyclones not only causes substantial direct economic losses but also threatens human health (Kang et al 2015). Research has found that tropical cyclones increase the risk of transmitted infectious diseases (Zheng et al 2017).…”

“…Research has found that tropical cyclones increase the risk of transmitted infectious diseases (Zheng et al 2017). Study in Guangdong city between years 11 2005-2011 concluding that there is an increase on the infectious diarrhea incidents after tropical cyclones (Kang et al 2015). An assessment on the public health risks and impacts of a tornado in Funing, East China concluded that elderly (75-84 year group) was at the highest risk death (RR (relative risk) = 82.16; 95% CI (confidence interval) = 19.66, 343.33) and injury (RR = 31.80; 95% CI = 17.26, 58.61), and females were at 53% higher risk of death than males (RR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.02, 2.29) ).…”

“…•Current •Future Figure 2: Vulnerability factors (Based on Thow and De Blois, 2008 Guangdong, potential loss in economy and health (Kang et al 2015) Vulnerable population groups susceptible to extreme temperatures, both hot and cold (Davídkovová et al 2014;Tian et al 2012;Li et al 2016;De'Donato et al 2013;Ma et al 2013) Flooding is of great concern to the different levels of Chinese government (Zhang and Liu 2006) Malnutrition and mortality, water-related diseases, airborne and dust-related diseases, vector borne diseases; mental health effects (Stanke et al 2013) Air pollutants-increase the risk of coronary heart disease mortality and respiratory problems (PM10, PM2.5) (Zhao et al 2017;D'Amato et al 2013) Increased risk of transmitted infectious diseases (Zheng et al 2017;Kang et al 2015) Extreme heat can cause heat stroke and dehydration, as well as cardiovascular, respiratory, and cerebrovascular disease risks (Yao-Dong et al 2013;Zeng et al 2014).…”

Інфекційні Захворювання Під Час Повеней У Країнах Світу

“…За даними систематичного огляду, Vibrio spp. (V.cholera), Leptospira spp., E.coli -патогени, які найчастіше викликають спалахи під час паводків в Азії [14]. Низкою досліджень було встановлено, що тайфуни мають більший вплив на рівень захворюваності на інші інфекційні діареї у порівнянні з тропічними штормами, в той же час на бацилярну дизентерію вплив катастроф був протилежним.…”