Impactor diameter effect on low velocity impact response of woven glass epoxy composite plates

İçten, Bülent Murat; Kıral, Binnur Gören; Deniz, Mehmet Emin

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.02.024

Cited by 60 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Out‐of‐plane low velocity blunt impact loading introduces considerable subsurface damage, which is often barely visible near the contact point on the surface, and subsequently leads to damage propagation and significantly affect the strength of damaged components (ie, postimpact residual strength) . A significant amount of research has been conducted over several decades to investigate the impact response of composite laminates using experimental, analytical, and computational approaches . In this regard, enhancing postimpact damage tolerance, which is directly related to fracture toughness, and to achieve a balance between strength and toughness, which are in general mutually exclusive properties, has been a key challenge to materials scientists and engineers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐laminar toughening mechanisms to enhance impact damage tolerance of 2D woven composite laminates via yarn‐level fiber hybridization and fiber architecture

2019

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Advanced composites are widely used in primary and secondary structural applications, for example, aerospace, automotive, marine, and renewable energy sectors. But it is well recognized that the impact resistance and damage tolerance of composite laminates are in general poor, which is a major challenge for optimizing structural designs. In this regard, an experimental study is conducted for enhancing the damage tolerance of 2D woven composite laminates by exploring yarn‐level fiber hybridization. Hybrid yarns are produced by combing high‐strength fibers, that is, S‐glass, and high‐toughness fibers, that is, polypropylene [PP], and using commingling and core‐wrapping processes. Using the hybrid yarns, 2D fabrics, that is, with 5H satin, 2/2 twill, and 2/2 basket architectures, are weaved, and subsequently hybrid S‐glass/PP/epoxy laminates are manufactured via vacuum assisted resin infusion. The low velocity impact response and energy absorption of the hybrid laminates are investigated by drop‐weight impact tests at different energy levels, that is, 15 J, 25 J, 35 J, and 50 J. The damage tolerance is studied by compression‐after‐impact (CAI) tests, measuring the residual compressive strength of the damaged laminates. Furthermore, the failure modes are investigated using scanning electron microscopy for identifying damage mechanisms in the hybrid laminates after the impact and CAI tests. The impact response and damage tolerance of the 5H satin, 2/2 twill, and 2/2 basket fabric laminates are compared with that of noncrimp‐fabric laminates produced with (ie, S‐glass/PP yarns) and without (ie, S‐glass yarns) yarn‐level hybridization. It is shown that yarn‐level hybridization and fiber architecture significantly affect the impact behavior and damage tolerance of the 2D woven S‐glass/PP/epoxy hybrid laminates investigated. The microscopy studies show that intra‐yarn, inter‐yarn, inter‐lamina failure mechanisms can in general be introduced by combining yarn‐level fiber hybridization and fiber architecture for modifying failure and energy dissipation mechanisms under low velocity impact and hence the damage tolerance of composite laminates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐laminar toughening mechanisms to enhance impact damage tolerance of 2D woven composite laminates via yarn‐level fiber hybridization and fiber architecture

2019

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“…The CEAST 9350 drop weight impact test machine (Instron, Norwood, MA, USA) was used to analyze the deformation and damage behavior of Hadfield steel sheets and to characterize the impact velocity test. Figure 1 illustrates that the base of the machine is engineered as an environmental chamber as well as a pneumatic clamping device [25]. Drop weight impact tests were carried out with according to the standard of ASTM D5628 FE [26].…”

Section: Experimental Methods and Physical Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study on the Deformation Behavior of Hadfield Steel Sheets Subjected to the Drop Weight Test: Experimental Study and Finite Element Modeling

Enginsoy

Bayraktar

Kurşun

2018

Metals

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This work presents the results of experimental and finite element modeling studies of impact behavior on the response of a high content of manganese steel blanks with a 1.2 mm thickness of sheets, known also commercially as Hadfield steel (an austenitic structure with a basic composition containing C 1.2% and Mn 12%). The study was done with a standard drop weight test device under certain variable parameters (velocity: 3 m/s and 5 m/s and temperature: room temperature, 70 °C, 100 °C, and 140 °C). In this study, the evolution of force and energy values were analyzed depending on the time in the case of impact. Special care was given to the evolution of peak stress counters of finite element simulation for different temperatures. The results of the force-time, energy-time, and force-displacement curves under different temperatures and impact velocities are compared experimentally and numerically. Then the discussion are built on the effect of the operational parameters on the damage behavior of this steel. Both of these works (experimental and finite element modeling) were compared and highly satisfying results were obtained.

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“…The flat end would distribute the impact force over a larger contact area, and the decreased stress concentration at the center could contribute to the decreased level of damage. The effect of geometry and impactor size was studied byIcten (2013), who noted that damage increased with decreased impactor contact area.…”

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confidence: 99%

Low velocity impact damage assessment in IM7/977-3 cross-ply composites using 3D computed tomography

Demerath¹

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Low-velocity impact damage in IM7/977-3 carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was investigated using 3D computed tomography (CT). 32-ply IM7/977-3 symmetric cross-ply composites were impacted at different impact energy levels and with different impactors (DELRIN® resin flat-ended cylindrical and tool steel hemispherical strikers) using an Instron 8200 Dynatup drop-weight impact machine. The impact energies were chosen to produce slightly visible damage, characterized by short cracks on the impacted surface and little delamination on the non-impacted surface (29.27 J), and barely visible damage, characterized by indentation on the impacted surface but no visible delamination on the back surface of the specimens (20.77 J). Internal damage was assessed using the Zeiss METROTOM 1500 industrial CT scanning system, and CT images were reconstructed using VGStudio MAX and the MyVGL 2.2 viewer. To determine the extent of the damage zone, impacted 152.4 mm square composite plates were initially scanned. As the relatively large specimen size did not allow for evaluation of internal cracks and isolation of delamination at ply interfaces, smaller specimens that enclosed the damaged region (45 mm square plates) were cut out and imaged. The CT scan results showed that volume of the impact damage zone had a generally positive correlation with impact energy, maximum load, and maximum deflection, but that the relationship was generally weak. Absence of a definite correlation between damage volume and impact energy was unexpected, as the difference in the impact energy was up to 30%.

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Impactor diameter effect on low velocity impact response of woven glass epoxy composite plates

Cited by 60 publications

References 14 publications

Intra‐laminar toughening mechanisms to enhance impact damage tolerance of 2D woven composite laminates via yarn‐level fiber hybridization and fiber architecture

Intra‐laminar toughening mechanisms to enhance impact damage tolerance of 2D woven composite laminates via yarn‐level fiber hybridization and fiber architecture

A Comprehensive Study on the Deformation Behavior of Hadfield Steel Sheets Subjected to the Drop Weight Test: Experimental Study and Finite Element Modeling

Low velocity impact damage assessment in IM7/977-3 cross-ply composites using 3D computed tomography

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