Abstract:Recibido el 25 de julio de 2017; aceptado el 14 de mayo de 2018Palabras clave: Lactancia materna exclusiva; extensión del postnatal; adherencia
ResumenIntroducción: En Chile, el año 2011 entró en vigencia la ley 20.545, correspondiente a la extensión del postnatal de 12 a 21 semanas. La Encuesta Nacional de Lactancia Materna (ENALMA), aplicada posterior al postnatal extendido, reportó un aumento del 12% en la adherencia a la lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) al sexto mes. Sin embargo, un 63% de las mujeres enc… Show more
“…In these interventions, parental education about the importance of skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth, maternal rest, communication, and for mothers to feel understood and supported by nursing professionals should be increased. Likewise, health policies are needed to enable parents to comply with recommendations for breastfeeding adherence, such as longer maternity leave or real reconciliation of family and work for both parents, without the full responsibility for breastfeeding falling on the mother [53,54].…”
Early breastfeeding cessation is a major public health problem. Several factors can affect breastfeeding pattern, and psychological aspects have been poorly explored. We hypothesize that psychological factors and breastfeeding pattern have a relationship. We have assessed in mothers during the first six months of lactation if breastfeeding pattern is associated with maternal stress, postpartum depression, and dispositional optimism, and if these psychological factors play a role on breastfeeding adherence. In total, 711 women participated, answering online the following questionnaires: sociodemographic, perceived stress scale, Edinburgh postpartum depression scale, life orientation test, and breastfeeding adherence score. Women were categorized according to infant feeding practices as exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) or mixed breastfeeding (MBF). The EBF group had a lower score of perceived stress compared to those giving MBF (first month: EBF = 1.5 [1.1; 1.9], MBF = 1.8 [1.5; 2.0]; p-Value = 0.030; third month: EBF = 1.6 [1.2; 2.0], MBF = 1.8 [1.5; 2.4]; p-Value = 0.038) and also had a lower score of postpartum depression (third month: EBF = 8.0 [6.0; 11.0], MBF = 11.0 [9.0; 15.0]; p-Value = 0.001). The breastfeeding adherence score showed a positive correlation with maternal perceived stress (first month: ρ = 0.27; p-Value = 0.018), and postpartum depression (third month: ρ = 0.30; p-Value < 0.001), and a negative correlation with maternal dispositional optimism (second month: ρ = −0.20; p-Value = 0.028). MBF was positively associated with breastfeeding adherence score (odd ratio (OR) = 1.4 [1.2–1.6]; p-Value < 0.001) and with postpartum depression (OR = 1.1 [1.0; 1.1]; p-Value = 0.020). In the third month of breastfeeding, women with MBF exhibited higher perceive stress and postpartum depression compared to those with EBF and no difference in dispositional optimism. The maternal psychological aspects are associated with breastfeeding pattern. Evaluation of maternal psychological concerns and providing support to lactating mothers may help improving breastfeeding adherence.
“…In these interventions, parental education about the importance of skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth, maternal rest, communication, and for mothers to feel understood and supported by nursing professionals should be increased. Likewise, health policies are needed to enable parents to comply with recommendations for breastfeeding adherence, such as longer maternity leave or real reconciliation of family and work for both parents, without the full responsibility for breastfeeding falling on the mother [53,54].…”
Early breastfeeding cessation is a major public health problem. Several factors can affect breastfeeding pattern, and psychological aspects have been poorly explored. We hypothesize that psychological factors and breastfeeding pattern have a relationship. We have assessed in mothers during the first six months of lactation if breastfeeding pattern is associated with maternal stress, postpartum depression, and dispositional optimism, and if these psychological factors play a role on breastfeeding adherence. In total, 711 women participated, answering online the following questionnaires: sociodemographic, perceived stress scale, Edinburgh postpartum depression scale, life orientation test, and breastfeeding adherence score. Women were categorized according to infant feeding practices as exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) or mixed breastfeeding (MBF). The EBF group had a lower score of perceived stress compared to those giving MBF (first month: EBF = 1.5 [1.1; 1.9], MBF = 1.8 [1.5; 2.0]; p-Value = 0.030; third month: EBF = 1.6 [1.2; 2.0], MBF = 1.8 [1.5; 2.4]; p-Value = 0.038) and also had a lower score of postpartum depression (third month: EBF = 8.0 [6.0; 11.0], MBF = 11.0 [9.0; 15.0]; p-Value = 0.001). The breastfeeding adherence score showed a positive correlation with maternal perceived stress (first month: ρ = 0.27; p-Value = 0.018), and postpartum depression (third month: ρ = 0.30; p-Value < 0.001), and a negative correlation with maternal dispositional optimism (second month: ρ = −0.20; p-Value = 0.028). MBF was positively associated with breastfeeding adherence score (odd ratio (OR) = 1.4 [1.2–1.6]; p-Value < 0.001) and with postpartum depression (OR = 1.1 [1.0; 1.1]; p-Value = 0.020). In the third month of breastfeeding, women with MBF exhibited higher perceive stress and postpartum depression compared to those with EBF and no difference in dispositional optimism. The maternal psychological aspects are associated with breastfeeding pattern. Evaluation of maternal psychological concerns and providing support to lactating mothers may help improving breastfeeding adherence.
“…Several countries have already promoted this expansion, but this is more visible in the public sector work sphere. One of these countries was Chile, which extended maternity leave from 12 to 21 weeks, which also increased adherence to exclusive breastfeeding (19)(20)(21) .…”
Objective: To understand the experience of reproductive planning of female military firefighter health professionals. Method: Phenomenological research under the theoretical-philosophical and methodological framework of Martin Heidegger. Developed in Fire Department units in Rio de Janeiro in the first half of 2016, with 21 female military health professionals. Results: Women expressed that it is necessary to work and manage roles. Therefore, they have to plan to have a child, due to the difficulty of managing all the tasks and reconciling motherhood with work. They think of a more comfortable situation to dedicate themselves to their children, since they are the main responsiblefor them. Conclusions: Comprehensive health actions for military women need to be included in public policies, as it is a group that has been increasingly participating in an environment previously restricted to men and with their characteristics.
“…Vários países já promoveram essa ampliação, mas isso é mais visualizado na esfera de trabalho do setor público. Um desses países foi o Chile, que estendeu a licença-maternidade de 12 para 21 semanas, o que também aumentou a adesão ao aleitamento materno exclusivo (19)(20)(21) .…”
RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender o vivido do planejamento reprodutivo de bombeiras militares profissionais da saúde. Método: Investigação fenomenológica sob o referencial teórico-filosófico e metodológico de Martin Heidegger. Desenvolvida em unidades de Corpo de Bombeiros do Rio de Janeiro no primeiro semestre de 2016 com 21 mulheres militares profissionais da saúde. Resultados: As mulheres expressaram que é necessário trabalhar e conciliar os papéis. Por isso, têm que se programar para ter filho devido à dificuldade de administrar todos os afazeres e conciliar a maternidade com o trabalho. Elas pensam numa situação mais confortável para se dedicar aos filhos, sendo elas as principais responsáveis por eles. Conclusões: Ações de saúde integral das mulheres militares necessitam ser incluídas nas políticas públicas, pois é um grupo que vem participando cada vez mais em um ambiente anteriormente restrito aos homens e com características relacionadas a eles.
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