Impact of wet underwear on thermoregulatory responses and thermal comfort in the cold

Bakkevig, Martha Kold; Nielsen, Robert

doi:10.1080/00140139408964916

Cited by 35 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The insulating value of the clothing is reduced when wet, inasmuch as water has much higher thermal conductivity than air. When wet clothes dry out, a fall in the partial pressure of the air vapor may increase evaporative skin cooling (Bakkevig and Nielsen 1994), thereby cooling the Tsk and causing a cool thermal sensation. Wakefulness from the sleep state may have also played a partial role in decreasing the Tsk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of season on sleep and skin temperature in the elderly

Okamoto-Mizuno

Tsuzuki

2009

Int J Biometeorol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of season on sleep and skin temperature (Tsk) in 19 healthy, elderly volunteers were investigated. Measurements were obtained in summer, winter, and fall, and activity levels were monitored using a wrist actigraph system for five consecutive days. The temperature and humidity of the bedrooms of the subjects' homes were measured continuously for five days. During actigraphic measurement, Tsk during sleep was measured for two nights. The bedroom temperature and humidity significantly increased in summer compared to winter and fall. In summer, the total sleep time decreased (mean +/- SE min; summer, 350.8 +/- 15.7; winter, 426.5 +/- 14.2; fall, 403.2 +/- 16.4) and wakefulness increased (P < 0.003) compared to those in fall or winter. The sleep efficiency index that was derived from wrist actigraphy was significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in summer (81.4 +/- 2.9%) compared with winter (91.6 +/- 1.3%) or fall (90.2 +/- 1.2%). The forehead Tsk significantly increased, while the chest and thigh Tsks were decreased in summer compared to those in fall or winter. These results suggest that, in the elderly, sleep is disturbed in summer more than in other seasons, and that this disturbance is related to fluctuations in Tsk.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of season on sleep and skin temperature in the elderly

Okamoto-Mizuno

Tsuzuki

2009

Int J Biometeorol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A second T m measure was assessed following the warmup. Thermal comfort (TC) (Bakkevig & Nielsen, 1994), Diurnal variation in repeated sprint ability 425 ! Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. Chronobiol Int Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Chulalongkorn University on 01/07/15 ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) (Birk & Birk, 1987), ratings of effort (on a 0-10-cm scale; ''0'' meaning no effort and ''10'', maximal), HR and breath-by-breath gas values were measured after the warm-ups and after each sprint.…”

Section: Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a diurnal variation in repeated sprint ability on a non-motorised treadmill?

Pullinger

Brocklehurst

Iveson

et al. 2013

Chronobiology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In active males, muscle force production and short-term (<6 s) anaerobic performance are significantly greater in the evening compared with the morning. This diurnal variation is attributed to motivational, peripheral and central factors, and possibly the higher core and muscle temperatures observed in the evening. However, little is known regarding whether diurnal variation on a treadmill also exists in team-sport specific tests of repeated sprint ability (RSA), as would be relevant to football, for example. A controlled laboratory protocol using a non-motorised treadmill has been used to investigate whether daily variation in RSA is present in highly motivated athletes. Twenty active males (mean ± SD: age, 21.0 ± 2.2 yrs; maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text] max), 60.8 ± 4.8 ml kg min(-1); body mass, 77.02 ± 10.5 kg and height, 1.79 ± 0.07 m) volunteered and completed two sessions counterbalanced in order of administration (separated by >48 h): a morning (M, 07:30 h) and evening (E, 17:30 h) session. Both sessions included a 5-min active warm-up on a motorised treadmill at 10 km h(-1) followed by three task-specific warm-up sprints at 50%, 70% and 80%, respectively, on a non-motorised treadmill. During each trial, 10 × 3 s repeated sprints with 30 s recoveries were performed on the non-motorised treadmill. Rectal (Trec) and muscle temperature measurements (Tm) were taken after subjects had reclined for 30 min at the start of the protocol, and again after the active warm-up. Values of heart rate, thermal comfort (TC), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and effort were measured throughout. Blood samples were taken at rest, after the sprints and 5-min post sprints. Data were analysed using a GLM with repeated measures. Trec and Tm values were higher at rest in the evening than the morning (0.46 °C and 0.57 °C, respectively, p < 0.05). Distance covered, peak power, average power, peak velocity and average velocity all showed significantly higher values in the evening compared with the morning (a range of 3.3-8.3%, p < 0.05), with peak power displaying a statistical trend (0.10 > p > 0.05). All subjects reported maximal values for "effort" for each sprint. There were significant positive correlations between Trec and Tm, Trec and RPE, TC and all measures of RSA performance. However, there was no correlation between fatigue index for peak power output or peak velocity and Trec. In summary, in this population of motivated subjects, time-of-day effects were seen in resting Trec and Tm values and all performance measures of RSA, in partial agreement with past research. The diurnal variation in Trec and Tm cannot fully explain time-of-day oscillations in RSA on a non-motorised treadmill. Although central temperature may provide some endogenous rhythm to human performance, the causal link seems to be due to a multiplicity of components and mechanisms.

show abstract

“…Faerevik and R. E. Reinertsen in that it lessens the thermal sensation of wetness of the skin (Bakkevig and Nielsen 1994). However, the evaporative heat loss at 408C was not sufficient, resulting in 100% saturation in the inner and middle clothing layers, heat accumulation and increased physiological stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of wearing aircrew protective clothing on physiological and cognitive responses under various ambient conditions

Færevik

Reinertsen

2003

Ergonomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heat stress can be a significant problem for pilots wearing protective clothing during flights, because they provide extra insulation which prevents evaporative heat loss. Heat stress can influence human cognitive activity, which might be critical in the flying situation, requiring efficient and error-free performance. This study investigated the effect of wearing protective clothing under various ambient conditions on physiological and cognitive performance. On several occasions, eight subjects were exposed for 3 h to three different environmental conditions; 0 degrees C at 80% RH, 23 degrees C at 63% RH and 40 degrees C at 19% RH. The subjects were equipped with thermistors, dressed as they normally do for flights (including helmet, two layers of underwear and an uninsulated survival suit). During three separate exposures the subjects carried out two cognitive performance tests (Vigilance test and DG test). Performance was scored as correct, incorrect, missed reaction and reaction time. Skin temperature, deep body temperature, heart rate, oxygen consumption, temperature and humidity inside the clothing, sweat loss, subjective sensation of temperature and thermal comfort were measured. Rises in rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate and body water loss indicated a high level of heat stress in the 40 degrees C ambient temperature condition in comparison with 0 degrees C and 23 degrees C. Performance of the DG test was unaffected by ambient temperature. However, the number of incorrect reactions in the Vigilance test was significantly higher at 40 degrees C than at 23 degrees C (p = 0.006) or 0 degrees C (p = 0.03). The effect on Vigilance performance correlated with changes in deep-body temperature, and this is in accordance with earlier studies that have demonstrated that cognitive performance is virtually unaffected unless environmental conditions are sufficient to change deep body temperature.

show abstract

Impact of wet underwear on thermoregulatory responses and thermal comfort in the cold

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of season on sleep and skin temperature in the elderly

Effects of season on sleep and skin temperature in the elderly

Is there a diurnal variation in repeated sprint ability on a non-motorised treadmill?

Effects of wearing aircrew protective clothing on physiological and cognitive responses under various ambient conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About