Impact of viral silencing suppressors on plant viral synergism: a global agro-economic concern

Ghosh, Dibyendu; Malavika, M; Chakraborty, Supriya

doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11483-9

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 97 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of viruses, some viral effector proteins have been evolved to block antiviral gene silencing, known as viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs). VSRs expand the negative impact of viral diseases by promoting synergistic associations among different plant viruses [ 72 ]. Jagga et al have developed a bioinformatics platform, pVsupPred, for the prediction of VSRs encoded by plant-infecting viruses.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of machine learning in understanding plant virus pathogenesis: trends and perspectives on emergence, diagnosis, host-virus interplay and management

Ghosh

Chakraborty

Kodamana

et al. 2022

Virol J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Inclusion of high throughput technologies in the field of biology has generated massive amounts of data in the recent years. Now, transforming these huge volumes of data into knowledge is the primary challenge in computational biology. The traditional methods of data analysis have failed to carry out the task. Hence, researchers are turning to machine learning based approaches for the analysis of high-dimensional big data. In machine learning, once a model is trained with a training dataset, it can be applied on a testing dataset which is independent. In current times, deep learning algorithms further promote the application of machine learning in several field of biology including plant virology. Main body Plant viruses have emerged as one of the principal global threats to food security due to their devastating impact on crops and vegetables. The emergence of new viral strains and species help viruses to evade the concurrent preventive methods. According to a survey conducted in 2014, plant viruses are anticipated to cause a global yield loss of more than thirty billion USD per year. In order to design effective, durable and broad-spectrum management protocols, it is very important to understand the mechanistic details of viral pathogenesis. The application of machine learning enables precise diagnosis of plant viral diseases at an early stage. Furthermore, the development of several machine learning-guided bioinformatics platforms has primed plant virologists to understand the host-virus interplay better. In addition, machine learning has tremendous potential in deciphering the pattern of plant virus evolution and emergence as well as in developing viable control options. Conclusions Considering a significant progress in the application of machine learning in understanding plant virology, this review highlights an introductory note on machine learning and comprehensively discusses the trends and prospects of machine learning in the diagnosis of viral diseases, understanding host-virus interplay and emergence of plant viruses.

show abstract

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of machine learning in understanding plant virus pathogenesis: trends and perspectives on emergence, diagnosis, host-virus interplay and management

Ghosh

Chakraborty

Kodamana

et al. 2022

Virol J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Antagonistic-like interactions between unrelated BMV and BSMV in co-infected wheat resulted in a 2- to 33-fold decrease in BSMV titer. In synergistic interactions, suppressors of RNA silencing proteins of interacting viruses play an important role in causing the disease synergism ( Vance et al, 1995 ; Shi et al, 1997 ; González-Jara et al, 2005 ; Ghosh et al, 2021 ). The γb protein of BSMV has been reported as a suppressor of RNA silencing ( Bragg and Jackson, 2004 ), but a suppressor of RNA silencing protein has not been identified conclusively for BMV ( He et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other co-infections, the virus concentration of both interacting viruses will increase with severe disease phenotype ( Scheets, 1998 ; Stenger et al, 2007 ; Malapi-Nelson et al, 2009 ; Tatineni et al, 2010 ). Though the suppressor of RNA silencing proteins of interacting viruses was reported to be involved in synergistic interaction ( Ghosh et al, 2021 ), the mechanisms of these interactions between unrelated viruses for the induction of synergistic disease are not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Synergistic Interactions Among Four Different Wheat-Infecting Viruses

Satyanarayana

Alexander

2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants can be co-infected by multiple viruses, including wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), brome mosaic virus (BMV), and barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV). These viruses belong to four different genera in three different families and are, hence, genetically divergent. However, the impact of potential co-infections with two, three, or all four of them on the viruses themselves, as well as the wheat host, has yet to be examined. This study examined bi-, tri-, and quadripartite interactions among these viruses in wheat for disease development and accumulation of viral genomic RNAs, in comparison with single virus infections. Co-infection of wheat by BMV and BSMV resulted in BMV-like symptoms with a drastic reduction in BSMV genomic RNA copies and coat protein accumulation, suggesting an antagonism-like effect exerted by BMV toward BSMV. However, co-infection of either BMV or BSMV with WSMV or TriMV led to more severe disease than singly infected wheat, but with a decrease or no significant change in titers of interacting viruses in the presence of BMV or BSMV, respectively. These results were in stark contrast with exacerbated disease phenotype accompanied with enhanced virus titers caused by WSMV and TriMV co-infection. Co-infection of wheat by WSMV, TriMV, and BMV or BSMV resulted in enhanced synergistic disease accompanied by increased accumulation of TriMV and BMV but not WSMV or BSMV. Quadripartite interactions in co-infected wheat by all four viruses resulted in very severe disease synergism, leading to the death of the most infected plants, but paradoxically, a drastic reduction in BSMV titer. Our results indicate that interactions among different viruses infecting the same plant host are more complex than previously thought, do not always entail increases in virus titers, and likely involve multiple mechanisms. These findings lay the foundation for additional mechanistic dissections of synergistic interactions among unrelated plant viruses.

show abstract

“…As well known, RNA silencing in plants can be divided into three main stages, that is silencing initiation, the spread of the silencing signal, and maintenance of silencing ( Feng et al, 2018 ; Zhao and Guo, 2022 ). Recently, several plant virus-encoded VSRs, which include cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b, rice stripe virus (RSV) NS3, and strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) P6, have been found to be involved in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in plants ( Ghosh et al, 2021 ). CMV 2b is one of the first VSRs that are demonstrated to prevent the RNA silencing in systemic leaves, probably by impeding the initiation of systemic propagation of the silencing signal ( Xu et al, 2013 ; Du et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P25 and P37 proteins encoded by firespike leafroll-associated virus are viral suppressors of RNA silencing

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Firespike leafroll-associated virus (FLRaV) is a major pathogen associated with firespike (Odontonema tubaeforme) leafroll disease. Phylogenetic analysis showed that FLRaV possesses typical traits of subgroup II members of ampeloviruses, but encodes two additional proteins, P25 and P37. Here, we determined the microfilament localization of P25 protein. Posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) assay showed that both FLRaV P25 and P37 were able to suppress the local and systemic PTGS and FLRaV P25 was capable of suppressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene silencing triggered by both sense RNA-induced PTGS (S-PTGS) and inverted repeat RNA-induced PTGS (IR-PTGS). In contrast, FLRaV P37 was only able to inhibit the GFP silencing triggered by the S-PTGS but not the IR-PTGS. In the transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) assay, only FLRaV P25 was found to be able to reverse established TGS-mediated silencing of GFP in 16-TGS plants. We also found that FLRaV P25 could aggravate the disease symptom and viral titer of potato virus X in N. benthamiana. These results suggest that FLRaV P25 and P37 may have crucial roles in overcoming host RNA silencing, which provides key insights into our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying FLRaV infection.

show abstract

Impact of viral silencing suppressors on plant viral synergism: a global agro-economic concern

Cited by 13 publications

References 97 publications

Application of machine learning in understanding plant virus pathogenesis: trends and perspectives on emergence, diagnosis, host-virus interplay and management

Application of machine learning in understanding plant virus pathogenesis: trends and perspectives on emergence, diagnosis, host-virus interplay and management

Differential Synergistic Interactions Among Four Different Wheat-Infecting Viruses

P25 and P37 proteins encoded by firespike leafroll-associated virus are viral suppressors of RNA silencing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About