Impact of two formulations of the acaricide bifenazate on the spider mite predator Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias‐Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Abstract

Two formulations of the novel miticide bifenazate, Floramite SC (240 g/L bifenazate) and Acramite SC (480 g/L bifenazate) were separately evaluated at a rate of 310 mg a.i./L (1.3 mL/L Floramite or 0.65 mL/L Acramite) for side effects on the phytoseiid predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. Tests included a combination of contact and residual treatment by overhead spray, direct contact by immersion, residual contact with treated leaf discs and repellency of a treated surface. Spray application of Acramite to protonymphs and to adult females on leaf discs did not cause increased mortality over 5 days to either stage. Oviposition by treated adults was not affected over 5 days. Egg-laying by adult females sprayed as protonymphs was reduced, but fewer males and inadequate food supply may have been partly responsible. For adult females treated as nymphs by micro-immersion in Floramite or Acramite, there were no significant differences between treated and untreated P. persimilis in mortality or oviposition. For both formulations, there was a significant reduction in oviposition rate of the first generation reared from eggs deposited on treated foliage, but the reduction was <20%. Foliar applications of both formulations to leaf discs were repellent to adult females, resulting in reduced oviposition. The repellency from a treated surface and low direct and indirect toxicity suggests that application of both Acramite and Floramite against two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae, at the currently recommended rate of 310 mg a.i./L would be compatible with use of P. persimilis, particularly as a spot treatment.

Suseptibility of the Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae), to Seven Insecticides

“…Recently, Bernard et al (2010) observed that emamectin benzoate was also very toxic to Euseius victoriensis (Womersleyi) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) juveniles. Steiner et al (2011) and Lefebvre et al (2012) referred to the response variability of phytoseiids to previous insecticide exposure and the need to evaluate insecticides on each species of acarine biocontrol agent. In contrast, Beers and Schmidt (2014) documented that novaluron and spirotetramat at their maximum label rate caused 44.0 and 20.8% mortality of Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) adult females, respectively, but were not toxic to G. occidentalis larvae.…”

“…On the other hand, Lefebvre et al (2012) reported that novaluron and spirotetramat at their recommended field rate resulted in only 4.8 and 40.2% mortality of Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) adults, respectively, but were highly toxic to N. fallacis larvae. Steiner et al (2011) and Lefebvre et al (2012) referred to the response variability of phytoseiids to previous insecticide exposure and the need to evaluate insecticides on each species of acarine biocontrol agent.…”

Efficiency Comparison of Two Acaricides, Mycetism Boletus satanas (Lenz) and Plant Extract (Eucalypts) Converted to Nano Particles Images on Tetranychus urticae (Koch) مقارنة الکفاءة لتأثیرمبیدین أکاروس ومستخلص فطری ونباتی وصورهم النانوتکنولوجیه على الأکاروس الاحمر ذو البقعتین

“…Commonly controlling of spider mites used measure of pesticides, and the extensive using of chemical pesticide for controlling of T. urticae; highly reproductive potential; the short life table and mating system led to more resistance for the spider mites, Van leeuwen et al, 2009. The major of resistant of arthropods depinding on chemical pesticide numbers that has developed their resistance. Used of synthetic pesticides, and associated issues of pollution environment and resistance led to more demands for development of more pesticides selectivety, also mode of action devolopment, less hazard on environment, keep to natural enemies and agents of biological control, Steiner et al, 2011. Thanks for newlly ways of mites controlling, the nature products is wonderful and characterized by lower level pollution, lower toxic to mammals and suitable to safety of environments than synthetic pesticides, liu et al, 2000.…”

Host Plant-Induced Susceptibility of Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) to Some Reduced-Risk Acaricides

“…Due to indiscriminate use of synthetic chemical pesticides and the associated problems of resistance and environmental pollution, there is a growing demand in developing more selective pesticides with novel modes of action, less environmental hazards and greater compatibility with natural enemies and bio-control agents (Steiner et al, 2011). At present, acaricide research is mainly focused on searching for bio-active substances from plants and microorganisms (Tedeschi et al, 2001;Attia et al, 2013) or development of other risk reduced acaricides with novel modes of action (Kumari et al, 2012).…”