Impact of the Type of Fertilization and the Addition of Glycerol on the Quality of Spring Rape Straw Pellets

Kachel‐Jakubowska, Magdalena; Kraszkiewicz, Artur; Subr, Alaa; Parafiniuk, Stanisław; Przywara, Artur; Koszel, Milan; Zając, Grzegorz

doi:10.3390/en13040819

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Mechanical durability is a crucial parameter concerning transport and logistics. Many standards refer to this quantity [52]. In general, as described in methods, we required about 500 g of pellets per test.…”

Section: Laboratory-scale Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameters Affecting RDF-Based Pellet Quality

et al. 2020

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Increasing production of waste has compelled the development of modern technologies for waste management. Certain fractions of municipal solid wastes are not suitable for recycling and must be utilised in other ways. Materials such as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) fractions are used as fuel in cement or CHP (combined heat and power) plants. The low bulk density leads to many problems pertaining to transportation and storage. In the case of biomass, these problems cause reduction in pelletisation. This paper therefore presents a comprehensive study on RDF pellet production, which is divided into three major areas. The first describes laboratory-scale tests and provides information on key factors that affect pellet quality (e.g., density and durability). Based on this, the second part presents a design of modified RDF dies to form RDF pellets, which are then tested via a semi-professional line test. The results show that RDF fraction can be compacted to form pellets using conventional devices. Given that temperature plays a key role, a special die must be used, and this ensures that the produced pellets exhibit high durability and bulk density, similar to biomass pellets.

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Section: Laboratory-scale Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameters Affecting RDF-Based Pellet Quality

et al. 2020

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“…Zang and others [43] believe that the addition of glycerin waste to solid fuels could have a beneficial effect on reducing NO x emissions as well as the formation of smaller amounts of ash. It was also observed that the addition of waste glycerol to biomass pellets reduces the bulk density and ash content and simultaneously increases the calorific value [44][45][46][47][48]. In turn, Potip et al [49] attempted to co-incinerate waste glycerol with ground coffee and showed that with the increase in the addition of glycerin waste, the temperature and combustion rate increase, without affecting the exceedance of standards for exhaust gases such as CO, NO 2 or SO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and Experimental Studies on Combustion and Co-Combustion of Wood Pellets with Waste Glycerol

Bala-Litwiniak,

Musiał,

Nabiałczyk

2023

Materials

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The shortage of fossil fuels and their rising prices, as well as the global demand for renewable energy and the reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, result in an increased interest in the production of alternative biofuels, such as biodiesel or biomass pellets. In this study, the possibility of utilizing waste glycerol, as an addition to pine pellets intended for heating purposes, has been investigated. The usefulness of pellets containing glycerol additions has been compared in terms of applicable quality standards for wood pellets. The highest values of moisture (4.58%), ash (0.5%) and bulk density (650 kg/m3) were observed for pellets without glycerin waste. The addition of waste glycerol slightly increases the calorific value of the pellet (17.94 MJ/kg for 7.5% additive). A 10-kW domestic biomass boiler has been employed to burn the tested pellets. The consumption of analyzed fuels during boiler operation was determined. The concentration of CO, CO2 and NOx in exhaust gases has also been examined. It was observed that the addition of 7.5% of waste glycerol contributes to the reduction in NOx concentrations by 30 ppm and CO2 by 0.15%. The obtained experimental results were compared with the numerical calculations made with the use of ANSYS Chemkin-Pro. The conducted research indicates the legitimacy of utilizing waste glycerol as an additive to wood pellets. In addition, this type of addition has a positive effect on, among others, the increase in calorific value, as well as lower emissions of combustion products such as NOx and CO2.

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“…This also led to an increase in the rate of high-temperature corrosion [ 22 ]. For this reason, monitoring the content of such elements is important in fuels intended for energy production [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of crude glycerol and glycerol pitch from palm-based residual biomass

Armylisas

Hoong

Ismail

2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Crude glycerol (CG) and glycerol pitch (GP) are highly alkaline residues from biodiesel and oleochemical plants, respectively, and have organic content which incurs high disposal cost and poses an environmental threat. Characterization of these residues for composition and properties could provide insight into their quality for proper disposal and can help the biodiesel industry to adopt more sustainable practices, such as reducing waste and improving the efficiency of the production process, hence minimizing the impact of the biodiesel supply chain to the environment. These data also allow the identification and exploration of new ways for their utilization and transformation into highly value-added products. In this study, we evaluated four CG samples (B, C, D, and E) and two GP samples (F and G) obtained from Malaysian palm oil refineries, and the results were compared with pure glycerol (A). Spectroscopic analysis was performed using FTIR, 1 H-, and 13 C-NMR. All samples had similar density to A (1.26 g/cm 3 ), except for F (1.31 g/cm 3 ), while the density for E and G could not be determined due to their physical states. The pH and viscosity largely varied in the range of 7.26–11.89 and 43–225 cSt, respectively. The glycerol content of CG (B, C, D, and E) was high and consistent (81.7–87.3%) whereas GP F and G had 71.5 and 63.9% glycerol content, respectively. Major contaminants in CG and GP were water and matter organic non-glycerol (MONG), respectively. The water, ash, soap, and salt content were considerably low, which varied from 3.4 to 14.1%, 3.9 to 13.0%, 0.1 to 5.7%, and 4.1 to 9.2% respectively. Thermal analysis of CG and GP exhibited four phases of decomposition attributed to the impurities compared to the single phase in A. All samples had calorific values lower than A (18.1 MJ/kg) between 9.0 and 17.7 MJ/kg. Based on the results, CG and GP have high glycerol content which reveals their potential to be used as feedstock in bioconversion and chemical or thermal treatment while impurities may be removed by pre-treatment if required. As palm oil is one of the main feedstocks for the oleochemical industry, this work underlines the importance of characterization of the residue generated to provide additional data and information on palm-based agricultural industry wastes, minimize the impact of palm oil supply chain on the environment, and explore its potential usage for value-addition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13399-023-04003-4.

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Impact of the Type of Fertilization and the Addition of Glycerol on the Quality of Spring Rape Straw Pellets

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Parameters Affecting RDF-Based Pellet Quality

Parameters Affecting RDF-Based Pellet Quality

Computational and Experimental Studies on Combustion and Co-Combustion of Wood Pellets with Waste Glycerol

Characterization of crude glycerol and glycerol pitch from palm-based residual biomass

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