“…Concerning the first hypothesis in association with most customers' motivation which is spending leisure time in these retail centers, the time it takes the 46.7% of Kourosh shopping centersgoers and 43.3% of Las Rosas Retail Center-goers to get the retail center demonstrated that the majority of individuals are from further distances and takes them more time to get retail centers, that shows that the longer trip can be one of the factors for willing to spend more leisure time and recreational activities. For future research, the new hypotheses involving eco-innovation, sustainable retail, and novel branding technologies (e.g., Palazzo, et al 2021;Yousef, et al 2021; Fakhredin, Foroudi, and Ghahroudi 2021; Sumrin, et al 2021), would be beneficial for a comprehensive research and outcome…”