Impact of the microbiota on solid organ transplant rejection

Sepulveda, Martin; Pirozzolo, Isabella; Alegre, Maria‐Luisa

doi:10.1097/mot.0000000000000702

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…There have been some studies on the microbiome in SOT recipients, but most of them focused on the intestinal flora ( Sepulveda et al., 2019 ; Chong and Koh, 2020 ), and the research on the lung microbiome is mostly related to lung transplantation ( Mitchell, 2019 ). Our study consisted of a comprehensive analysis of the lung microbiome in various types of SOT recipients, including cases of kidney, lung, and liver transplantation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Genome Profiling of Lung Microbiome in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Reveals Virus Involved Microecology May Worsen Prognosis

Pan

Cai

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Solid organ transplantation (SOT) is the final therapeutic option for recipients with end-stage organ failure, and its long-term success is limited by infections and chronic allograft dysfunction. Viral infection in SOT recipients is considered an important factor affecting prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 43 cases of respiratory infections in SOT recipients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). At least one virus was detected in 26 (60.5%) recipients, while 17 (39.5%) were virus-negative. Among virus-positive recipients, cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected in 14 (32.6%), Torque teno virus (TTV) was detected in 9 (20.9%), and other viruses were detected in 6 (14.0%). Prognostic analysis showed that the mortality of the virus-positive group was higher than that of the virus-negative group regardless whether it is the main cause of infection. Analysis of different types of viruses showed that the mortality of the CMV-positive group was significantly higher than that of the CMV-negative group, but no significant difference was observed in other type of virus groups. The diversity analysis of the lung microbiome showed that there was a significant difference between the virus-positive group and the negative group, in particular, the significant differences in microorganisms such as Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJP) and Moraxella osloensiswere detected. Moreover, in the presence of CMV, Pneumocystis jirovecii, Veillonella parvula, and other species showed dramatic changes in the lung of SOT patients, implying that high degree of co-infection between CMV and Pneumocystis jirovecii may occur. Taken together, our study shows that the presence of virus is associated with worse prognosis and dramatically altered lung microbiota in SOT recipients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Genome Profiling of Lung Microbiome in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Reveals Virus Involved Microecology May Worsen Prognosis

Pan

Cai

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Over the past several years, there has been a prominent increase in interest surrounding the various human microbiotas and their respective roles in kidney allograft maintenance as well as rejection ( 141 ). Furthermore, in addition to the five types of non-invasive chronic kidney transplant rejection biomarker technologies (transcriptomic, cellular, epigenetic, proteomic, and metabolomic) currently utilized, the human microbiota may also become an insightful biomarker to predict allograft outcomes, therapy responsiveness, and patient-specific susceptibilities/sensitivities to specific drugs such as antimicrobials and immunosuppressants ( 130 , 139 , 142 , 143 ).…”

Section: Renal Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Human Microbiotas in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Organ Transplantation

Sen

Thummer

2022

Front. Immunol.

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The human microbiota heavily influences most vital aspects of human physiology including organ transplantation outcomes and transplant rejection risk. A variety of organ transplantation scenarios such as lung and heart transplantation as well as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is heavily influenced by the human microbiotas. The human microbiota refers to a rich, diverse, and complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, archaea, helminths, protozoans, parasites, and viruses. Research accumulating over the past decade has established the existence of complex cross-species, cross-kingdom interactions between the residents of the various human microbiotas and the human body. Since the gut microbiota is the densest, most popular, and most studied human microbiota, the impact of other human microbiotas such as the oral, lung, urinary, and genital microbiotas is often overshadowed. However, these microbiotas also provide critical and unique insights pertaining to transplantation success, rejection risk, and overall host health, across multiple different transplantation scenarios. Organ transplantation as well as the pre-, peri-, and post-transplant pharmacological regimens patients undergo is known to adversely impact the microbiotas, thereby increasing the risk of adverse patient outcomes. Over the past decade, holistic approaches to post-transplant patient care such as the administration of clinical and dietary interventions aiming at restoring deranged microbiota community structures have been gaining momentum. Examples of these include prebiotic and probiotic administration, fecal microbial transplantation, and bacteriophage-mediated multidrug-resistant bacterial decolonization. This review will discuss these perspectives and explore the role of different human microbiotas in the context of various transplantation scenarios.

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“…Bacteroidetes have been associated with higher cardiovascular health, reduced obesity and regulation inflammatory paths that could be helpful to improve transplant outcomes. 95,96,[101][102][103][104][105][106] Although there are potential positive impacts on the overall health of patients with CKD, caution is necessary because fruits and vegetables are high in oxalate, which is a potential nephrotoxin and can cause oxalate nephropathy. 107,108,109 There are also concerns of juicing with the possible increased risk of hyperkalemia as well as excessive vitamin C, and vitamin K intake.…”

Section: Juicing Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review of Dietary Approaches for Kidney Transplant Patients

Cyrino

Galpern

Moore

et al. 2021

Kidney International Reports

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Impact of the microbiota on solid organ transplant rejection

Cited by 21 publications

References 63 publications

Whole Genome Profiling of Lung Microbiome in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Reveals Virus Involved Microecology May Worsen Prognosis

Whole Genome Profiling of Lung Microbiome in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Reveals Virus Involved Microecology May Worsen Prognosis

The Impact of Human Microbiotas in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Organ Transplantation

A Narrative Review of Dietary Approaches for Kidney Transplant Patients

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