Impact of terrestrial weather on the upper atmosphere

Fuller‐Rowell, T. J.; Akmaev, R. A.; Wu, Fei; Anghel, A.; Maruyama, Naomi; Anderson, D. N.; Codrescu, M.; Iredell, Mark; Moorthi, Shrinivas; Juang, Hann‐Ming Henry; Hou, Yu-Tai; Millward, G. H.

doi:10.1029/2007gl032911

Cited by 67 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Immel et al (2006) conclude that neutral winds in the lower atmosphere influence and modulate the E-region dynamo to produce spatial variability approximately 1,000 km scales. Other causes of EEJ variability suggested by earlier workers are (i) the variations in tidal strength (Stening 1975) and the sharp longitudinal gradients in the diurnal non-migrating tides (DE2 and DW2) between the longitudes over 15°separation (Anderson et al 2009); (ii) the day to day variability of zonal winds (Fang et al 2008); (iii) the day-to-day variability in semidiurnal tide at lower thermosphere, modulated by interactions at planetary wave periodicities (Fuller-Rowell et al 2008); and (iv) the modulation of ionospheric dynamo in the middle atmosphere through the excitation of solar non-migrating tides in the troposphere (Jin et al 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of short spatial variability of the equatorial electrojet at close longitudinal separation

2014

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The characteristics of longitudinal variability of equatorial electrojet (EEJ) and counter electrojet (CEJ), presented in this study, are based on concurrent observations from a hitherto unsampled region of the world to examine the (1) degree of correlation between hourly means and monthly averaged hourly means of ground observations with equatorial electrojet climatological model (EEJM-2.0), (2) day-to-day longitudinal variability of EEJ strength between the pairs of sites, and (3) At both longitudes, the overall correlation of monthly mean hourly values (i.e., from 05:00 to 19:00 LT) between the observed EEJ strength and modeled current density from EEJM-2.0 is good (r > 0.8). However, a significant lack of correlation is witnessed on day-to-day peak values (i.e., 12:00 LT) between the observed variations and the model at both sites. Further, a comparison of noontime peaks between the two sites shows a considerable day-to-day variability. A large number of CEJs (43 events) are recorded during the study: at CBY (15 events) and VEN (28 events). Analyses of the CEJ events highlight the variability of CEJ phenomena in terms of amplitude, dates, and time of occurrence over 15°l ongitude separation. The local nature of perturbations causing CEJ is evident; the possible factors are being non-migrating eastward and westward propagating diurnal tides and local meteorological phenomena associated with upper mesospheric temperature, wind, and density variations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of short spatial variability of the equatorial electrojet at close longitudinal separation

2014

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“…The theoretical model that could be used to address these specific science questions has been described in a paper by Fuller-Rowell et al (2008), which was developed to demonstrate the impact of terrestrial weather on the upper atmosphere. The Integrated Dynamics through Earth's Atmosphere (IDEA) model consists of the Whole Atmosphere Model (WAM) and a Global Ionosphere Plasmasphere (GIP) model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing daytime, equatorial E×B drift velocities and TOPEX/TEC observations associated with the 4-cell, non-migrating tidal structure

2009

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Abstract. We investigate the seasonal and longitude dependence of the daytime, vertical E×B drift velocities, on a dayto-day basis, using a recently-developed technique for inferring realistic E×B drifts from ground-based magnetometer observations. We have chosen only quiet days, A p <10, from January 2001 through December 2002, so that the main contribution to the variability is due to the variability in the tidal forcing from below. In order to study the longitude dependence in daytime E×B drift velocities, we use appropriately-placed magnetometers in the Peruvian, Philippine, Indonesian and Indian longitude sectors. Since we are particularly interested in quantifying the E×B drift velocities associated with the 4-cell, non-migrating tidal structure, we compare the seasonal and longitude E×B drift structure with TOPEX satellite observations of Total Electron Content (TEC). We outline a plan to establish the magnitude of the longitude gradients that exist in the daytime, vertical E×B drift velocities at the boundaries of the observed 4-cell patterns and to theoretically identify the physical mechanisms that account for these sharp gradients. The paper demonstrates that sharp gradients in E×B drift velocities exist at one of the 4-cell boundaries and outlines how the C/NOFS IVM and VEFI sensor observations could be used to establish the E×B drift longitude gradients at the boundaries of each of the 4 cells. In addition, the paper identifies one of the theoretical, atmosphere/ionosphere models that could be employed to identify the physical mechanisms that might explain these observations.

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“…Although the tropospheric effects on the upper atmosphere have been shown to be significant in the aforementioned studies, there are few examples for the model including the entire atmospheric regions from the troposphere to the ionosphere. One example is TIME-GCM/CCM3, which couples TIME-GCM and a lower atmospheric model of the Climate Community Model version 3 (CCM3) [Roble, 2000], and other models are being developed such as the Integrated Dynamics through Earth's Atmosphere model, which consists of a Whole Atmosphere Model and a Global Ionosphere Plasmasphere model [Fuller-Rowell et al, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical connection from the tropospheric activities to the ionospheric longitudinal structure simulated by a new Earth's whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model

et al. 2011

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[1] This paper introduces a new Earth's atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model that treats seamlessly the neutral atmospheric region from the troposphere to the thermosphere as well as the thermosphere-ionosphere interaction including the electrodynamics selfconsistently. The model is especially useful for the study of vertical connection between the meteorological phenomena and the upper atmospheric behaviors. As an initial simulation using the coupled model, we have carried out a 30 day consecutive run in September. The result reveals that the longitudinal structure of the F-region ionosphere varies on a day-to-day basis in a highly complex way and that a four-peak structure of the daytime equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) similar to the recent observations appears as an averaged feature. The simulation reproduces and thus confirms the vertical coupling processes proposed so far with respect to the formation of the averaged EIA longitudinal structure; the excitation of solar nonmigrating tides in the troposphere, their propagation through the middle atmosphere, and the modulation of ionospheric dynamo, which in turn affects EIA generation. The simulation result indicates that not only the ionospheric averaged longitudinal structure but also the day-to-day variation can be modulated significantly by the lower atmospheric effect.

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Impact of terrestrial weather on the upper atmosphere

Cited by 67 publications

References 16 publications

Evidence of short spatial variability of the equatorial electrojet at close longitudinal separation

Evidence of short spatial variability of the equatorial electrojet at close longitudinal separation

Comparing daytime, equatorial <I><B>E</B></I>×<I><B>B</B></I> drift velocities and TOPEX/TEC observations associated with the 4-cell, non-migrating tidal structure

Vertical connection from the tropospheric activities to the ionospheric longitudinal structure simulated by a new Earth's whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model

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Impact of terrestrial weather on the upper atmosphere

Cited by 67 publications

References 16 publications

Evidence of short spatial variability of the equatorial electrojet at close longitudinal separation

Evidence of short spatial variability of the equatorial electrojet at close longitudinal separation

Comparing daytime, equatorial &lt;I&gt;&lt;B&gt;E&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/I&gt;×&lt;I&gt;&lt;B&gt;B&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/I&gt; drift velocities and TOPEX/TEC observations associated with the 4-cell, non-migrating tidal structure

Vertical connection from the tropospheric activities to the ionospheric longitudinal structure simulated by a new Earth's whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model

Contact Info

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Comparing daytime, equatorial <I><B>E</B></I>×<I><B>B</B></I> drift velocities and TOPEX/TEC observations associated with the 4-cell, non-migrating tidal structure