Impact of Temperature on Survival Rate, Fecundity, and Feeding Behavior of Two Aphids, Aphis gossypii and Acyrthosiphon gossypii, When Reared on Cotton

Abstract

Aphid performance is sensitive to temperature changes. Previous studies found that Acyrthosiphon gossypii (Mordviiko) was more sensitive to high temperature than Aphis gossypii (Glover). However, the effects of high temperatures on the survival, fecundity, and feeding behavior of these two aphid adults are not clear. This study examined the effect of different temperatures (29 °C, 32 °C, and 35 °C) on the adult survival rate, fecundity, and feeding behavior of these two aphid species. Our results showed that the adverse effects of high temperatures (32 °C and 35 °C) on aphid adult survival and fecundity were greater for Ac. gossypii than Ap. gossypii. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) data showed that Ac. gossypii spent more time feeding on xylem than phloem under all temperature treatments, which contrasted with Ap. gossypii. The time of phloem ingestion by Ap. gossypii at 32 °C was significantly higher than at 29 °C, while for Ac. gossypii, this value significantly decreased when temperature increased. These feeding patterns indicate that Ac. gossypii obtains less nutrition from phloem in support of its development and fecundity. Data generated in this study will serve as the basis for predicting the effects of increased temperature on these two cotton aphids.

Striking clone-specific nymph deformity in pea aphid exposed to heat stress

“…Further, it is possible that the aphids in our study underwent a war of attrition between allocating resources for normal life functionality (including homeostasis) and reducing heat injuries [15,70] that otherwise can be disruptive or detrimental [7,71]. The constant heatwave could have also aggravated the thermal challenge not only by impacting population dynamics [52] but also possibly by altering osmoregulation and water content in the insect body [72–75], as well as energy reserves [1,76]. There was a distinct rise in metabolomic fingerprints of lipids and fatty acids following exposure to thermal stress, which was consistent across clones.…”

Thermal and Oxygen Flight Sensitivity in Ageing Drosophila melanogaster Flies: Links to Rapamycin-Induced Cell Size Changes

“…Thus, our study enters the discussion of the biological consequences of anthropogenic environmental changes, which involve not only the effects of rising global mean temperatures but also the effects of the increased frequency of locally appearing heat waves or heat islands established by urban activities [ 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 ]. To date, mainstream research addressing human impacts on ectotherms has focused on connections between environmental changes and species’ geographic distributions, survival and body sizes (e.g., [ 135 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 ]), but our study suggests that this perspective should also include the connections between cell-size life strategies and organismal performance in the changing world.…”

Effects of heat stress on virus transmission and virus‐mediated apoptosis in whitefly Bemisia tabaci

“…This would include identification of viral components response to different HSPs, as well as the function of virus modulating HSPs for the benefit of their own transmission. Another explanation for how heat stress could increase virus acquisition and transmission is higher temperature enhancing piercing‐sucking insect behavior, including ingestion of plant sap ability (J. Liu et al, 2021; Stafford et al, 2012), as temperature influences insect metabolic rates, behavior, and physiological processes (Abram et al, 2017).…”

“…Another explanation for how heat stress could increase virus acquisition and transmission is higher temperature enhancing piercing-sucking insect behavior, including ingestion of plant sap ability (J. Liu et al, 2021;Stafford et al, 2012), as temperature influences insect metabolic rates, behavior, and physiological processes (Abram et al, 2017).…”