“…Although unsaturated, rather than saturated, phosphatidylcholines have been linked to the lubrication of synovial joint organ systems [ 14 , 15 ], DPPC should not yet be abandoned as an adjuvant candidate in certain clinical situations. Like sphingomyelin [ 29 , 44 , 45 ], whose hydrophobic chains are highly saturated, prone to intermolecular hydrogen bonding and lipid raft formation, and exhibit a higher phase transition temperature, DPPC may be important for mitigating heat exchanges associated with the deformation cycles of diseased articular surfaces due to its own higher gel–liquid crystal transition temperature [ 15 , 29 , 46 , 47 ]. Because PLs are present on articular cartilage surfaces in layer and vesicle form, phase transition temperature may be important, in addition to lateral layer heterogeneity, for self-assembly capabilities in association with HA through perturbation forces typically encountered post-treatment [ 29 , 48 ].…”