Impact of Stratum Corneum Damage on Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) in the Skin

Kroll, L. M.; Hoffman, Deborah; Cunningham, Corey; Koenig, David W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27606-4_29

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It is because that impairment or removal of the SC layer will lead to an increase in skin permeability and loss of water sealing capability, which therefore results in a higher evaporation rate. Apart from the structural change, NMF, which is the key component helping to maintain hydration of SC, was also significantly reduced along with SC layer removal by tape stripping, in accordance with the literature . After three consecutive tape strippings, the SC thickness reduced from ∼17.5 to ∼6.6 μm and the total NMF decreased ∼93.8%.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Apart from the structural change, NMF, which is the key component helping to maintain hydration of SC, was also significantly reduced along with SC layer removal by tape stripping, in accordance with the literature. 28 After three consecutive tape strippings, the SC thickness reduced from ∼17.5 to ∼6.6 μm and the total NMF decreased ∼93.8%. By linear regression, the coefficient of determination R 2 is 0.9983 for the SC thickness and 0.9987 for the total NMF.…”

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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A Portable Ultrawideband Confocal Raman Spectroscopy System with a Handheld Probe for Skin Studies

Zhang

Hui

et al. 2021

ACS Sens.

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Confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) has shown potential in non-invasive skin analysis. However, current CRS systems have various limitations including a narrow detection band, large size, non-flexibility, slowness, and complexity, which hinder their clinical applications. Herein, we developed a portable ultrawideband CRS system with a fiber-based handheld probe to acquire the Raman spectra in both fingerprint and high wavenumber regions in a fast and quasi-simultaneous way. Dual-wavelength excitation with a dualpassband laser cleaning filter and high-speed fiber array multiplexer was adopted instead of a specialized grating and detector to achieve instant switching between the detection regions and improve system robustness. Preliminary in vivo results demonstrated its depth profiling capability in an ultrawide detection range for stratum corneum thickness, natural moisturizing factor, and water content quantification, indicating its great potential in a wide range of clinical and cosmeceutical applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

A Portable Ultrawideband Confocal Raman Spectroscopy System with a Handheld Probe for Skin Studies

Zhang

Hui

et al. 2021

ACS Sens.

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“…The activities of these proteases were negatively correlated with NMF levels, so the increased activity might be a feedback reaction to the reduced NMF levels. SLS is known to denature proteins of the cornified envelope, which may lead to the leakage of NMF components from the corneocytes (31). This could also occur for the proteases, causing better extraction from the corneocytes and/or intercellular lipids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of allergens and irritants on levels of natural moisturizing factor and corneocyte morphology

et al. 2017

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SummaryBackgroundThe irritant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is known to cause a decrease in the stratum corneum level of natural moisturizing factor (NMF), which in itself is associated with changes in corneocyte surface topography.ObjectiveTo explore this phenomenon in allergic contact dermatitis.MethodsPatch testing was performed on patients with previously positive patch test reactions to potassium dichromate (Cr), nickel sulfate (Ni), methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI), or p‐phenylenediamine. Moreover, a control (pet.) patch and an irritant (SLS) patch were applied. After 3 days, the stratum corneum from tested sites was collected, and NMF levels and corneocyte morphology, expressed as the amount of circular nanosize objects, quantified according to the Dermal Texture Index (DTI), were determined.ResultsAmong allergens, only MCI/MI reduced NMF levels significantly, as did SLS. Furthermore, only MCI/MI caused remarkable changes at the microscopic level; the corneocytes were hexagonal‐shaped with pronounced cell borders and a smoother surface. The DTI was increased after SLS exposure but not after allergen exposure.Conclusions MCI/MI significantly decreased NMF levels, similarly to SLS. The altered corneocyte morphology suggests that skin barrier damage plays a role in the pathogenesis of MCI/MI contact allergy. The DTI seems to differentiate reactions to SLS from those to the allergens tested, as SLS was the only agent that caused a DTI increase.

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“…These findings are consistent with the literature [ 33 , 47 , 58 ]. These significant drops in NMF levels could be due to the denaturation of proteins of the cornified envelope, which may lead to leakage of NMF components [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Skin Barrier Function after Repeated Exposition to Phospholipid-Based Surfactants and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate In Vivo and Corneocyte Surface Analysis by Atomic Force Microscopy

et al. 2021

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(1) Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pure lecithins in comparison to a conventional surfactant on skin in vivo. (2) Methods: Physiological skin parameters were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the study (day 1 and day 4) (n = 8, healthy forearm skin) with an Aquaflux®, skin-pH-Meter, Corneometer® and an Epsilon® sensor. Confocal Raman spectroscopy was employed to monitor natural moisturizing factor, urea and water content of the participants’ skin. Tape strips of treated skin sites were taken and the collected corneocytes were subjected to atomic force microscopy. Circular nano objects were counted, and dermal texture indices were determined. (3) Results: Transepidermal water loss was increased, and skin hydration was decreased after treatment with SDS and LPC80. Natural moisturizing factor and urea concentrations within the outermost 10 µm of the stratum corneum were lower than after treatment with S75 or water. Dermal texture indices of skin treated with SDS were higher than skin treated with water (control). (4) Conclusions: Results suggest very good (S75) or good (LPC80) skin-tolerability of lecithin-based surfactants in comparison to SDS and encourage further investigation.

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Impact of Stratum Corneum Damage on Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) in the Skin

Cited by 7 publications

References 55 publications

A Portable Ultrawideband Confocal Raman Spectroscopy System with a Handheld Probe for Skin Studies

A Portable Ultrawideband Confocal Raman Spectroscopy System with a Handheld Probe for Skin Studies

Effect of allergens and irritants on levels of natural moisturizing factor and corneocyte morphology

Changes in Skin Barrier Function after Repeated Exposition to Phospholipid-Based Surfactants and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate In Vivo and Corneocyte Surface Analysis by Atomic Force Microscopy

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