Impact of Selenium Status on the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterial Disease in HIV-1–Infected Drug Users During the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Shor‐Posner, Gail; Miguez, Maria-Jose; Pineda, Luisa María; Rodríguez, Allan; Ruiz, Philip; Castillo, Gloria; Burbano, Ximena; Lecusay, Robert; Baum, Marianna K.

doi:10.1097/00126334-200202010-00010

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An inverse correlation between this micronutrient and HIV infection has been reported (Dworkin, 1994) substantiating our present finding of its significantly low level in TB patients with HIV coinfection. Increased susceptibility to TB was seen in HIV-infected individuals with low plasma concentrations of selenium (Shor-Posner et al, 2002). The trace element appears to be important in reducing the virulence of HIV and slowing the progression of HIV-related disease (Rayman, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in serum levels of trace elements in tuberculosis and HIV infections

et al. 2005

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Objective: To evaluate serum concentrations of trace elements in tuberculosis (TB) patients with or with out human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection before and after anti-TB chemotherapy. Subjects: A total of 155 TB patients, 74 of which were coinfected with HIV, and 31 healthy controls from Gondar, Ethiopia. Methods: Serum levels of copper, zinc, selenium and iron were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer from all subjects at baseline and from 44 TB patients (22 with HIV coinfection) at the end of an intensive phase of anti-TB chemotherapy. Results: Compared with the control group, the concentrations of iron, zinc and selenium were significantly lower (Po0.05) while that of copper and copper/zinc ratio was significantly higher (Po0.05) in the serum of TB patients. TB patients with HIV coinfection had significantly lower serum zinc and selenium concentrations and significantly higher copper/zinc ratio compared to that in TB patients without HIV coinfection (Po0.05). The serum concentration of zinc had significantly increased at the end of intensive phase of anti-TB chemotherapy in patients without HIV coinfection (Po0.05). An increase in serum selenium level was observed in TB patients with or without HIV coinfection after therapy. On the contrary, serum copper concentration and copper/zinc ratio declined significantly after anti-TB chemotherapy irrespective of HIV serostatus (Po0.05). Conclusions:The results indicate that TB patients have altered profile of trace elements in their sera. This warrants the need for further investigations so that strategies for trace elements supplementation can be planned in addition to their potential as diagnostic parameters in monitoring responses to anti-TB chemotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in serum levels of trace elements in tuberculosis and HIV infections

et al. 2005

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“…Se deficiency in laboratory animals affects both innate and acquired immunity and increases susceptibility to infections. Lower Se concentrations in human subjects have also been linked with increased virulence (131)(132)(133) , diminished natural killer cell activity (133,134) and increased mycobacterial disease (135) . Se supplementation has been shown to improve various aspects of immune function in human subjects (136)(137)(138) , including in the elderly (139,140) .…”

Section: Seleniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding the immune system

2013

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A well-functioning immune system is key to providing good defence against pathogenic organisms and to providing tolerance to non-threatening organisms, to food components and to self. The immune system works by providing an exclusion barrier, by identifying and eliminating pathogens and by identifying and tolerating non-threatening sources of antigens, and by maintaining a memory of immunological encounters. The immune system is complex involving many different cell types distributed throughout the body and many different chemical mediators some of which are involved directly in defence while others have a regulatory role. Babies are born with an immature immune system that fully develops in the first few years of life. Immune competence can decline with ageing. The sub-optimal immune competence that occurs early and late in life increases susceptibility to infection. Undernutrition decreases immune defences, making an individual more susceptible to infection. However, the immune response to an infection can itself impair nutritional status and alter body composition. Practically all forms of immunity are affected by protein-energy malnutrition, but non-specific defences and cell-mediated immunity are most severely affected. Micronutrient deficiencies impair immune function. Here, vitamins A, D and E, and Zn, Fe and Se are discussed. The gutassociated lymphoid tissue is especially important in health and well-being because of its close proximity to a large and diverse population of organisms in the gastrointestinal tract and its exposure to food constituents. Certain probiotic bacteria which modify the gut microbiota enhance immune function in laboratory animals and may do so in human subjects.

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“…A plasma Se level of 8.5 µg/dL or greater has been suggested to indicate a replete Se status (38). This cut-off point may not represent the biological needs of specific tissues under stress due to chronic inflammation and possible deficiencies of other antioxidants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Selenium Measurements in Subjects from Areas with Contrasting Gastric Cancer Risks in Colombia

Camargo

Burk

Bravo

et al. 2008

Archives of Medical Research

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Impact of Selenium Status on the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterial Disease in HIV-1–Infected Drug Users During the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Alterations in serum levels of trace elements in tuberculosis and HIV infections

Alterations in serum levels of trace elements in tuberculosis and HIV infections

Feeding the immune system

Plasma Selenium Measurements in Subjects from Areas with Contrasting Gastric Cancer Risks in Colombia

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