Impact of reactive bromine chemistry in the troposphere

Glasow, R. von; Kuhlmann, R. von; Lawrence, Mark G.; Platt, U.; Crutzen, Paul J.

doi:10.5194/acp-4-2481-2004

Cited by 255 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…13). These ranges are in line with previous model studies for Antarctic latitudes (e.g., von Glasow et al, 2004;Saiz-Lopez et al, 2008) and in the lower limit of Artic model studies (e.g., Thompson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Brox In Antarcticasupporting

confidence: 77%

Reactive bromine in the low troposphere of Antarctica. Estimations at two research sites

Prados-Román¹,

Gómez²,

Puentedura³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract.For decades, reactive halogen species (RHS) have been subject of detailed scientific research due to their influence on the 20 oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and on the climate. From the RHS, those containing bromine are of particular interest in the polar troposphere as a result of their link to ozone depletion events (ODEs) and to the perturbation of the cycle of e.g. the toxic mercury. Given its remoteness and related limited accessibility compared to the Arctic region, the RHS in the Antarctic troposphere are still poorly characterized. This work presents ground-based observations of tropospheric BrO from two different Antarctic locations: Marambio (64º 13' S, 56º 37' W) and Belgrano II (77º 52' S, 34º 37' W) during the sunlit period 25 of 2015. By means of MAX-DOAS (Multi-axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) measurements of BrO performed from the two research sites, the seasonal variation of this reactive trace gas is described along with its vertical and geographical distribution in the Antarctic environment. Results show an overall vertical profile of BrO mixing ratio decreasing with altitude, with a median value of 1.6 pmol mol -1 in the lowest layers of the troposphere and undetectable values above 2 km at both sites. Additionally, observations show that the polar sunrise triggers a heterogeneous increase of bromine content 30 in the Antarctic troposphere yielding a maximum BrO at Marambio (26 pmol mol -1 ), amounting threefold the values observed at Belgrano at dawn. Data presented herein are combined with previous studies and ancillary data to update and expand our knowledge of the geographical and vertical distribution of BrO in the Antarctic troposphere, revealing Marambio as one of the locations with highest BrO reported so far in Antarctica. Furthermore, the observations gathered during 2015 serve as a proxy to investigate the budget of reactive bromine (BrOx = Br + BrO) and the bromine-mediated ozone loss rate in the Antarctic 35 troposphere.

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Section: Brox In Antarcticasupporting

confidence: 77%

Reactive bromine in the low troposphere of Antarctica. Estimations at two research sites

Prados-Román¹,

Gómez²,

Puentedura³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Ozone is a major precursor for hydroxyl (OH) radicals and its removal from the system impairs the atmospheric cleansing of pollutants including methane. It has been suggested that BrO interacts with DMS (see below) reducing its cooling effect on climate via aerosol production (von Glasow et al, 2004) whereas iodine oxides contribute to the formation and growth of marine aerosol (O'Dowd and Leeuw, 2007). The deep ocean may be an important source region for halocarbons and other gases, but little work has been done in this area.…”

Section: Impacts Of the Oceans On Climate Change 47mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 1 Impacts of the Oceans on Climate Change

Lewis-Brown¹,

Reid²,

Andersson³

et al. 2009

Advances in Marine Biology

134

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“…Reaction (R30) is an important pathway for recycling bromine radicals in the troposphere (von Glasow et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2010). Although the kinetics are uncertain, there is substantial evidence for this reaction.…”

Section: Chemical Cycling Of Br Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical transport model (CTM) studies show that ∼ 1 pmol mol −1 BrO in the background troposphere would drive significant decrease of ozone (von Glasow et al, 2004;Lary, 2005;Yang et al, 2005) and could account for most of the global oxidation of elemental mercury (Holmes et al, 2006.…”

Section: J P Parrella Et Al: Tropospheric Bromine Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric bromine chemistry: implications for present and pre-industrial ozone and mercury

et al. 2012

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Abstract. We present a new model for the global tropospheric chemistry of inorganic bromine (Br y ) coupled to oxidant-aerosol chemistry in the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM). Sources of tropospheric Br y include debromination of sea-salt aerosol, photolysis and oxidation of short-lived bromocarbons, and transport from the stratosphere. Comparison to a GOME-2 satellite climatology of tropospheric BrO columns shows that the model can reproduce the observed increase of BrO with latitude, the northern mid-latitudes maximum in winter, and the Arctic maximum in spring. This successful simulation is contingent on the HOBr + HBr reaction taking place in aqueous aerosols and ice clouds. Bromine chemistry in the model decreases tropospheric ozone mixing ratios by < 1-8 nmol mol −1 (6.5 % globally), with the largest effects in the northern extratropics in spring. The global mean tropospheric OH concentration decreases by 4 %. Inclusion of bromine chemistry improves the ability of global models (GEOS-Chem and p-TOMCAT) to simulate observed 19th-century ozone and its seasonality. Bromine effects on tropospheric ozone are comparable in the present-day and pre-industrial atmospheres so that estimates of anthropogenic radiative forcing are minimally affected. Br atom concentrations are 40 % higher in the pre-industrial atmosphere due to lower ozone, which would decrease by a factor of 2 the atmospheric lifetime of elemental mercury against oxidation by Br. This suggests that historical anthropogenic mercury emissions may have mostly deposited to northern mid-latitudes, enriching the corresponding surface reservoirs. The persistent rise in background surface ozone at northern mid-latitudes during the past decades could possibly contribute to the observations of elevated mercury in subsurface waters of the North Atlantic.

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Impact of reactive bromine chemistry in the troposphere

Cited by 255 publications

References 46 publications

Reactive bromine in the low troposphere of Antarctica. Estimations at two research sites

Reactive bromine in the low troposphere of Antarctica. Estimations at two research sites

Chapter 1 Impacts of the Oceans on Climate Change

Tropospheric bromine chemistry: implications for present and pre-industrial ozone and mercury

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