Impact of Raman Amplification on a 2-Tb/s Coherent WDM System

Abstract

over 49 subcarriers at 42.8Gbaud, leaving a system margin (in terms of Q-factor) of ~4dB from the forward error correction threshold.

All-optical OFDM and distributed Raman amplification: Challenges to enable high capacities and extend reach

“…Transmission over 124km of BT-Ireland's installed single mode fibre (SMF) between Cork and Clonakilty (and looped back to Cork) occurred either with backward (BW) or forward (FW) Raman amplification, which included an in-band and out-of-band supervisory channels 15 . DRA was provided by two pumps each (at 1427 and 1455nm) at a maximum power of +27dBm.…”

Kerr nonlinearity mitigation in 5 × 28-GBd PDM 16-QAM signal transmission over a dispersion-uncompensated link with backward-pumped distributed Raman amplification

“…In order to mitigate the signal transmission impairments due to Kerr nonlinearity, various techniques involving electronic domain compensation [6][7][8][9] as well as optical domain compensation [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] have been investigated. It has been shown in [10,13] that systems with bi-directional distributed Raman amplification (DRA) have power-dispersion maps which make them much more suitable for fiber nonlinearity mitigation through optical phase conjugation (OPC) than pure EDFA amplified links.…”

“…It has been shown in [10,13] that systems with bi-directional distributed Raman amplification (DRA) have power-dispersion maps which make them much more suitable for fiber nonlinearity mitigation through optical phase conjugation (OPC) than pure EDFA amplified links. A recent fiber nonlinearity mitigation study implemented electrical domain digital phase conjugation (DPC) technique [6].…”