Impact of Providing Real-Time Traffic Information on No-Notice or Short-Notice Evacuation Efficiency – A Case Study

Modeling Road Network Vulnerability for Evacuees and First Responders in No-Notice Evacuation

“…The numerator of (5) includes a binary variable 푖 to consolidate all outbound traffic in a search region, as defined by (9). The denominator of (5) specifies that an eligible exit of the search region is subject to two binary variables 푖 푗 and 푖 푗 : 푖 푗 controls if road traverses the boundary of the 푟 section, as defined by (10) and 푖 푗 controls the travel direction of road , as defined by (11). If the two end-nodes of road are positioned on either side of the boundary of the search region, and the road is headed outward, 푖 푗 and 푖 푗 will both be one, road will then be considered an eligible exit, and the number of lanes 푖 푗 and speed limit v 푖 푗 will be included in the total exit capacity.…”

“…Adopting proactive response strategies, such as contraflow traffic control, optimal 2 Journal of Advanced Transportation routing to shelters, and preparedness of emergency supplies, could help reduce the destruction and loss of life to a great extent [10]. No-notice hazards, such as terrorist attacks and chemical spills, take place without a priori expectation [11][12][13]. In response to no-notice hazards, it is nearly impossible to estimate the development of the scenario, including the magnitude, duration, and severity of the incidents.…”

“…In response to no-notice hazards, it is nearly impossible to estimate the development of the scenario, including the magnitude, duration, and severity of the incidents. When disaster strikes without warning, effective communication of real-time traffic information is essential [11]. Studies of no-notice evacuations are limited in scope as modeling the uncertainty of built environment poses a considerable challenge [12,13].…”