Impact of long work hours on police officers and the communities they serve

Vila, Bryan

doi:10.1002/ajim.20333

Cited by 134 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…4,5 In emergency response, disaster management, military encounters, and other fast-paced situations with uncertain outcomes and imperfect information, good decision making is significantly hampered by sleep deprivation. [6][7][8] Although the lapses of sustained attention that are characteristic of sleep deprivation contribute to errors and accidents, 3,8 attentional lapses are not the whole story of sleep deprivation effects on naturalistic decision making. The laboratory tasks often used to examine sleep deprivation effects on decisions typically do not include elements of updating information over time or revising strategies based on changing circumstances, which are important factors in sleep deprivation-related failures in operational environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Whitney

Hinson

Jackson

et al. 2015

Sleep

101

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745Sleep Deprivation and Decision Making-Whitney et al. INTRODUCTIONThe effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance is not uniform. 1 In laboratory studies, sleep deprivation has consistently been shown to substantially degrade vigilance and sustained attention, whereas its effects on demanding tests of complex cognition such as decision making appear to be inconsistent and relatively small. 2,3 Paradoxically, in the natural environment there are well-documented deficits in decision making due to sleep deprivation. 4,5 In emergency response, disaster management, military encounters, and other fast-paced situations with uncertain outcomes and imperfect information, good decision making is significantly hampered by sleep deprivation. 6-8Although the lapses of sustained attention that are characteristic of sleep deprivation contribute to errors and accidents, 3,8 attentional lapses are not the whole story of sleep deprivation effects on naturalistic decision making. The laboratory tasks often used to examine sleep deprivation effects on decisions typically do not include elements of updating information over Study Objectives: To better understand the sometimes catastrophic effects of sleep loss on naturalistic decision making, we investigated effects of sleep deprivation on decision making in a reversal learning paradigm requiring acquisition and updating of information based on outcome feedback. Design: Subjects were randomized to a sleep deprivation or control condition, with performance testing at baseline, after 2 nights of total sleep deprivation (or rested control), and following 2 nights of recovery sleep. Subjects performed a decision task involving initial learning of go and no go response sets followed by unannounced reversal of contingencies, requiring use of outcome feedback for decisions. A working memory scanning task and psychomotor vigilance test were also administered. Setting: Six consecutive days and nights in a controlled laboratory environment with continuous behavioral monitoring. Subjects: Twenty-six subjects (22-40 y of age; 10 women). Interventions: Thirteen subjects were randomized to a 62-h total sleep deprivation condition; the others were controls. Results: Unlike controls, sleep deprived subjects had difficulty with initial learning of go and no go stimuli sets and had profound impairment adapting to reversal. Skin conductance responses to outcome feedback were diminished, indicating blunted affective reactions to feedback accompanying sleep deprivation. Working memory scanning performance was not significantly affected by sleep deprivation. And although sleep deprived subjects showed expected attentional lapses, these could not account for impairments in reversal learning decision making. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation is particularly problematic for decision making involving uncertainty and unexpected change. Blunted reactions to feedback while sleep deprived underlie failures to adapt to uncertainty and changing contingencies. Thus, an error may register, but with diminishe...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Whitney

Hinson

Jackson

et al. 2015

Sleep

101

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“…Рад у смјенама ремети сан и може повећати ризик од настанка одређених здравствених проблема (Garbarino et al, 2002;Vila, Morrison, & Kenney, 2002;Vila, 2006;Kecklund, Eriksen, & Åkerstedt, 2008). Полицајци који раде у смјенама имају лошији квалитет сна у поређењу са онима који не раде у смјенама.…”

Section: преглед литературеunclassified

“…Показано је и да су 12-часовне смjене биле повезане са 27% повећаним ризиком од незгода, а 10-часовне смjене са 13% ризика (Folkard et al, 2005). Осим тога, значајан број повреда полицајаца настаје и у ситуацијама одступања од редовних смјенских распореда (Vila, 2006). Ипак, немају сви смjенски распореди рада негативан утицај на психофизичке способности запослених.…”

Section: преглед литературеunclassified

Распоређивање Полицајаца – Рад У Смјенама

Тодовић¹,

Макајић-Николић²,

Костић-Станковић³

et al. 2017

BPG

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Апстракт: У овом раду је представљен проблем распоређивања полицајаца полицијске станице у Републици Српској. Сврха овог рада је да се развије методологија за одређивање оптималног распореда полицајаца у складу са начином и организацијом рада. Проблем је дефинисан као проблем циљног програмирања за који је развијен математички модел мјешовитог цјелобројног програмирања. Развијени математички модел може да се примијени у распоређивању полицајаца у полицијским станицама које имају исту или сличну организацију рада. Студија указује на то да је одређивање мјесечних распореда полицајаца сложен и захтјеван проблем који се углавном обавља без помоћи софтвера, а да се може значајно олакшати увођењем оваквог приступа. У раду су приказани и утицаји смјенског рада на полицајце, као и различити начини смјенског рада у полицијским станицама.Кључне ријечи: Рад у смјенама, распоређивање полицајаца, циљно програмирање УВОД Проблем рада полицајаца по смjенама са аспекта ергономије и ефикасности рада је широко разматран у литератури. Постоје различити * Студент докторских студија, Факултет организационих наука, Универзитет у

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“…Sleep-wake disturbances are among the most pertinent and challenging problems of shift work (Åkerstedt, 2003;Åkerstedt & Wright, 2009;Vila, 2006). Both the duration and the structure of sleep are affected by shifted timing of sleep periods (Åkerstedt et al, 1991;Kerkhof & Lancel, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-individual differences in sleep response to shift work in novice police officers – A prospective study

Holst

Dongen

Drosopoulos

et al. 2016

Chronobiology International

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The aim of this longitudinal study on novice police officers was to investigate inter-individual differences in sleep response to shift work, and to identify potential baseline predictors thereof. A total of 42 subjects were assessed at baseline, prior to commencing shift work. They were re-assessed during three follow-up sessions within the first 2 years of shift work exposure after approximately 4, 12, and 20 months of rotating shift work. Wrist actigraphy and sleep logs were used to investigate nocturnal sleep at baseline and daytime sleep after night shifts during the follow-up sessions. Actigraphically estimated total sleep time and subjective sleep quality were analyzed as outcome variables, using mixed-effects analysis of variance. Systematic inter-individual differences were observed in the overall response of these outcome variables to shift work. In this sample, flexibility of sleeping habits and gender were found to be predictors of daytime total sleep time in the first 2 years of shift work exposure. Flexibility of sleeping habits and subjective quality of nighttime sleep prior to shift work were found to be predictors of subjective quality of daytime sleep. These results suggest that it may be possible to detect and even predict sleep deficiencies in response to shift work early on, which could be a basis for the development of individualized interventions to improve shift work tolerance.

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Impact of long work hours on police officers and the communities they serve

Cited by 134 publications

References 27 publications

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

Распоређивање Полицајаца – Рад У Смјенама

Inter-individual differences in sleep response to shift work in novice police officers – A prospective study

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