Impact of landfill leachate contamination on surface and groundwater of Bangladesh: a systematic review and possible public health risks assessment

Abstract

Dumping of solid waste in the non-engineered landfill is very common in the developing countries. Among the different disadvantages of this kind of landfilling, leachate is the major concern to public health, which is a toxic byproduct generated from the landfill; and can percolate to the ground water and consequently migrate in surface water. Using systematic review on published data, the present study endeavors to compare the leachate contamination potential of four major landfills of Bangladesh, named Amin Bazar, Matuail, Mogla Bazar and Rowfabad; which are situated in 3 of the 6 big mega cities of Bangladesh and assessed the effects of leachate leakage on surrounding water body as well as on human health. This study, for the first time calculated the leachate pollution index (LPI) for the landfill sites of Bangladesh and found that the LPI of Matuail landfill site (19.81) is much higher which is comparable to some polluted landfill sites of India and Malaysia. The concentrations of several potentially toxic metals found in the surface and ground water in the vicinity of the landfill sites were above the maximum permissible limit values of department of Environment, Bangladesh and World Health Organization (WHO). The human health risk index for toxic heavy metals in different vegetables and rice grain showed high health risk potential for Pb, Cd, Ni, and Mn. The total carcinogenic risk for Ni and Pb are found very high in the edible plants near those landfill sites, suggesting the risk of Ni and Pb induced carcinogenesis by the consumption of those plants. The present conditions of surface, ground water and agriculture products near the landfill sites of Bangladesh are much frightening to the biota and local inhabitants.

Cadmium geochemistry and groundwater pollution status evaluation using indexing and spatial analysis for Keffe community and Environs Sokoto Basin, North Western Nigeria

“…Cadmium pollution of soils and groundwater is a global phenomenon, that substantially affects the water quality, especially in Asia and Africa (Obasi and Akudinobi, 2014;Kubier and Pichler, 2019;Aithani, 2020). Several literatures that involved the studies of Cadmium and heavy metals pollution in groundwater includes the works of Jaishankar et al (2014), Arain et al (2015), Adekunle et al (2019), Egbueri and Unigwe (2019), Bansal (2020) Ganiyu et al (2021), Karunanidhi et al (2021), Hamidu (2021) and Parvin and Tareq (2021). Several studies have been conducted on groundwater quality and general hydrogeology of Sokoto basin, recent research works include that of Hamidu et al (2016).…”

Geophysical and Geochemical Characterization of Solidwaste Dumpsite: A Case Study of Chowa Gujar, Peshawar (Part of Indus Basin)

“…Different researchers have observed the adverse impact of leachate plumes on the soil [6,7] as well as on the surface and groundwater [8,9]. Therefore, detailed assessment of MSW dumpsites is one of the most common demands in growing urban areas which should be carried out by identifying the buried waste and delineating its geometrical dimensions, determining its geochemical characteristics (potentially toxic elements and compounds), and especially tracing the sub-surface migration pathways of leachate plumes from one medium to another within the ecosystem.…”

Optimization of multiple enzymes production by fermentation using lipid-producing Bacillus sp.

“…The air near or surrounding the area of the dumping site may have air pollution due to the gasses produced and the suspended particles in the air ( Siddiqua et al, 2022 ). The leachate from landfill may contain toxic byproducts and may contaminate water bodies or soil which finally may affect living things including human and aquatic life ( Parvin and Tareq, 2021 ; Siddiqua et al, 2022 ). At the same time, there is a continuous rise in demand for enzymes, and the pure carbon and nitrogen source used in enzyme production is expensive ( Ravindran et al, 2018 ; Shrestha et al, 2022 ).…”