2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.021
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Impact of hypoxic tumor microenvironment and tumor cell plasticity on the expression of immune checkpoints

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Cited by 87 publications
(64 citation statements)
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“…Hypoxia and the accompanying angiogenesis-promoting angiopoietins recruit monocytes expressing the cognate TIE2 receptor to tumors, where these myeloid precursors preferentially migrate to the hypoxic areas and differentiate into TAMs [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Accordingly, hypoxia is an important regulator of TAM biology [ 37 ]. PD-L1 expression in myeloid cells is upregulated directly by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α that binds to the PD-L1 promoter to induce PD-L1 transcription [ 38 ].…”
Section: Pd-l1 Expression On Non-tumor Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hypoxia and the accompanying angiogenesis-promoting angiopoietins recruit monocytes expressing the cognate TIE2 receptor to tumors, where these myeloid precursors preferentially migrate to the hypoxic areas and differentiate into TAMs [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Accordingly, hypoxia is an important regulator of TAM biology [ 37 ]. PD-L1 expression in myeloid cells is upregulated directly by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α that binds to the PD-L1 promoter to induce PD-L1 transcription [ 38 ].…”
Section: Pd-l1 Expression On Non-tumor Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hypoxia activates a series of pro-angiogenic factors through the aberrant expression of HIF-1α such that tumors transition to the angiogenesis phase (15,16). Studies have identified numerous signaling molecules which participate in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis (17,18).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The physical and chemical composition of the microenvironment such as acidic pH, low oxygen and nutrient availability, rigidity and porosity of the ECM can also play an important role in regulating the cancer stem cell behavior (Hjelmeland et al, 2011;Nallanthighal et al, 2019;Prager et al, 2019). A classic example would be hypoxia which is a hallmark of tumor progression in solid tumors and is associated with metastasis, therapeutic resistance and poor survival (Lequeux et al, 2019). A hypoxic microenvironment is known to regulate various aspects of malignant progression including cellular plasticity.…”
Section: The Effect Of the Tumor Microenvironment On Csc Plasticitymentioning
confidence: 99%