Impact of heatwaves and system shocks on a nearly zero energy educational building: Is it resilient to overheating?

Sengupta, Abantika; Assaad, Douaa Al; Bastero, Josué Borrajo; Steeman, Marijke; Breesch, Hilde

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110152

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The current study aims at predicting the future primary energy number and energy use for cooling of buildings for a future city district in central Sweden in the 2050s (midterm future) given that the operative temperatures in buildings is expected to increase worldwide [38,39]. The district is to be developed in Gävle (60.6749 • N, 17.1413 • E), Sweden and the study is a part of the program concerning heating and cooling from the future energy system (TERMO program) held by the Swedish Energy Agency [40] with its focus on space cooling demand.…”

Section: Motivation and Aimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Space Cooling Systems from Energy and Economic Perspectives for a Future City District in Sweden

et al. 2023

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In this study, the performance of different cooling technologies from energy and economic perspectives were evaluated for six different prototype residential Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) within a planned future city district in central Sweden. This was carried out by assessing the primary energy number and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for each building model and cooling technology. Projected future climate file representing the 2050s (mid-term future) was employed. Three cooling technologies (district cooling, compression chillers coupled/uncoupled with photovoltaic (PV) systems, and absorption chillers) were evaluated. Based on the results obtained from primary energy number and LCCA, compression chillers with PV systems appeared to be favorable as this technology depicted the least value for primary energy use and LCCA. Compared to compression chillers alone, the primary energy number and the life cycle cost were reduced by 13%, on average. Moreover, the district cooling system was found to be an agreeable choice for buildings with large floor areas from an economic perspective. Apart from these, absorption chillers, utilizing environmentally sustainable district heating, displayed the highest primary energy use and life cycle cost which made them the least favorable choice. However, the reoccurring operational cost from the LCCA was about 60 and 50% of the total life cycle cost for district cooling and absorption chillers, respectively, while this value corresponds to 80% for the compression chillers, showing the high net present value for this technology but sensitive to future electricity prices.

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Section: Motivation and Aimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Space Cooling Systems from Energy and Economic Perspectives for a Future City District in Sweden

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, the building has to be energy-resilient to maintain thermal comfort and habitability conditions. Research has been focused on 'habitability' as part of energy-resilient buildings [24] either for mild climates [25] or for overheating conditions under grid loss [21,22]. The concept of 'habitability' focuses on the indoor thermal conditions and comfort and it refers to the length the building can remain in habitable thermal conditions after power loss through a reduction in heat transfer, natural ventilation and natural light [26].…”

Section: Energy Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Flexibility and towards Resilience in New and Old Residential Houses in Cold Climates: A Techno-Economic Analysis

Rehman

Hasan

2023

Energies

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One of the main sectors that contribute to climate change is the buildings sector. While nearly zero-energy buildings are becoming a new norm in many countries in the world, research is advancing towards energy flexibility and resilience to reach energy efficiency and sustainability goals. Combining the energy flexibility and energy resilience concept is rare. In this article, we aim to investigate the effect of energy efficiency in a new single-family building on the energy flexibility potential and resilience characteristics and compare these with those for an old building in the cold climate of Finland. These two objectives are dependent on the buildings’ respective thermal mass. The heat demands of the two buildings are compared. Their technical and economic performance are calculated to compare their flexibility and resilience characteristics. Dynamic simulation software is used to model the buildings. The results show that the old building has better flexibility and higher energy cost savings when including the energy conservation activation strategy. In the old building, savings can be around EUR 400 and flexibility factor can be around 24–52% depending on the activation duration and strategy. The new building, due to higher efficiency, may not provide higher energy cost savings, and the energy conservation activation strategy is better. In the new building, savings can be around EUR 70 and the flexibility factor reaches around 7–14% depending on the activation duration and strategy. The shifting efficiency of the new house is better compared to that of the old house due to its higher storage capacity. For energy resilience, the new building is shown to be better during power outages. The new building can be habitable for 17 h, while the old building can provide the same conditions for 3 h only. Therefore, it is essential to consider both energy flexibility and resilience as this can impact performance during the energy crisis.

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“…To quantify the impact, the concept of the degree of disruption (DoD) is introduced in this article. A similar concept is discussed in [71]. Equation (1) defines the degree of disruption (DoD):…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Extensive Definition and Planning of Energy Resilience in Buildings in Cold Climate

Rehman,

Hamdy,

Hasan

2024

Buildings

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The transition towards a sustainable future requires the reliable performance of the building’s energy system in order for the building to be energy-resilient. “Energy resilient building in cold climates” is an emerging concept that defines the ability to maintain a minimum level of indoor air temperature and energy performance of the building and minimize the occupant’s health risk during a disruptive event of the grid’s power supply loss in a cold climate. The aim is to introduce an extensive definition of the energy resilience of buildings and apply it in case studies. This article first reviews the progress and provides an overview of the energy-resilient building concept. The review shows that most of the relevant focus is on short-term energy resilience, and the serious gap is related to long-term resilience in the context of cold regions. The article presents a basic definition of energy resilience of buildings, a systematic framework, and indicators for analyzing the energy resilience of buildings. Terms such as active and passive habitability, survivability, and adaptive habitable conditions are defined. The energy resilience indicators are applied on two simulated Finnish case studies, an old building and a new building. By systematic analysis, using the defined indicators and thresholds, the energy resilience performance of the buildings is calculated and compared. Depending on the type of the building, the results show that the robustness period is 11 h and 26 h for the old building and the new building, respectively. The old building failed to provide the habitability conditions. The impact of the event is 8.9 °C, minimum performance (Pmin) is 12.54 °C, and degree of disruption (DoD) is 0.300 for the old building. The speed of collapse (SoC) is 3.75 °C/h, and the speed of recovery (SoR) is 0.64 °C/h. On the other hand, the new building performed better such that the impact of the event is 4 °C, Pmin is 17.5 °C, and DoD is 0.138. The SoC is slow 3.2 °C/h and SoR is fast 0.80 °C/h for the new building. The results provide a pathway for improvements for long-term energy resilience. In conclusion, this work supports society and policy-makers to build a sustainable and resilient society.

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Impact of heatwaves and system shocks on a nearly zero energy educational building: Is it resilient to overheating?

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Comparison of Space Cooling Systems from Energy and Economic Perspectives for a Future City District in Sweden

Comparison of Space Cooling Systems from Energy and Economic Perspectives for a Future City District in Sweden

Energy Flexibility and towards Resilience in New and Old Residential Houses in Cold Climates: A Techno-Economic Analysis

Towards Extensive Definition and Planning of Energy Resilience in Buildings in Cold Climate

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