Impact of Heat Stress on Cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea var. Botrytis): A Physiological Assessment

Aleem, Saba; Sharif, Iram; Tahir, Muhammad; Najeebullah, Muhammad; Nawaz, Ali; Khan, Muhammad Imran; Batool, Asma; Arshad, Waheed

doi:10.17582/journal.pjar/2021/34.3.479.486

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similarly, cucumber genotypes with less electrolyte leakage ability tend to be more heat tolerant than genotypes with more electrolyte leakage at a high temperature of 40°C ( Ali et al., 2019 ). Heat-tolerant cultivars of cauliflower expressed more cell membrane thermostability than susceptible ones ( Aleem et al., 2021 ). Under different stress conditions, plants maintain their physiological balance through higher RWC values particularly under higher rates of transpiration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the role of key physio-biochemical traits and molecular network conferring heat stress tolerance in cucumber

et al. 2023

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Cucumber is an important vegetable crop grown worldwide and highly sensitive to prevailing temperature condition. The physiological, biochemical and molecular basis of high temperature stress tolerance is poorly understood in this model vegetable crop. In the present study, a set of genotypes with contrasting response under two different temperature stress (35/30°C and 40/35°C) were evaluated for important physiological and biochemical traits. Besides, expression of the important heat shock proteins (HSPs), aquaporins (AQPs), photosynthesis related genes was conducted in two selected contrasting genotypes at different stress conditions. It was established that tolerant genotypes were able to maintain high chlorophyll retention, stable membrane stability index, higher retention of water content, stability in net photosynthesis, high stomatal conductance and transpiration in combination with less canopy temperatures under high temperature stress conditions compared to susceptible genotypes and were considered as the key physiological traits associated with heat tolerance in cucumber. Accumulation of biochemicals like proline, protein and antioxidants like SOD, catalase and peroxidase was the underlying biochemical mechanisms for high temperature tolerance. Upregulation of photosynthesis related genes, signal transduction genes and heat responsive genes (HSPs) in tolerant genotypes indicate the molecular network associated with heat tolerance in cucumber. Among the HSPs, higher accumulation of HSP70 and HSP90 were recorded in the tolerant genotype, WBC-13 under heat stress condition indicating their critical role. Besides, Rubisco S, Rubisco L and CsTIP1b were upregulated in the tolerant genotypes under heat stress condition. Therefore, the HSPs in combination with photosynthetic and aquaporin genes were the underlying important molecular network associated with heat stress tolerance in cucumber. The findings of the present study also indicated negative feedback of G-protein alpha unit and oxygen evolving complex in relation to heat stress tolerance in cucumber. These results indicate that the thermotolerant cucumber genotypes enhanced physio-biochemical and molecular adaptation under high-temperature stress condition. This study provides foundation to design climate smart genotypes in cucumber through integration of favorable physio-biochemical traits and understanding the detailed molecular network associated with heat stress tolerance in cucumber.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the role of key physio-biochemical traits and molecular network conferring heat stress tolerance in cucumber

et al. 2023

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“…Likewise, in 30-day-old cauliflower plants exposed to 40°C for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h, HS caused uneven heads, puffy buds, yellow eyes, narrow leaves, reduced leaf growth, and reduced petiole-to-blade ratio (Lin et al, 2015 ). HS (34.5°C) further delayed the curd induction stage and decreased the chlorophyll content in cauliflower plants; effects were more distinct in heat susceptible genotypes where they were unable to develop curd at high temperature and continued their vegetative growth until temperature fall below 30°C (Aleem et al, 2021 ). Exposing 4- to 5-leaved lettuce seedlings to 42/37°C for 3 days reduced seedling germination and caused tip burn, rib discoloration, and bolting (Jenni and Yan, 2009 ; Han et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Impact On Vegetative Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pea plants exposed to HS reduced chlorophyll biosynthesis due to the destruction of various enzymes involved in biosynthetic pathways (Dutta et al, 2009 ; Aleem et al, 2021 ). HS decreased the activity of first enzyme of the biosynthetic pathway, 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase, in cucumber (Tewari and Tripathy, 1998 ).…”

Section: Physiological Aspects and Cellular Functions Under Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrolyte leakage is measured using a conductivity meter, with higher conductivity values indicating higher membrane damage (Nyarko et al, 2008 ). The CMT test has been used to screen heat-tolerant varieties of many crops, including soybean (Martineau et al, 1979 ), potato (Nagarajan and Bansal, 1986 ), cowpea (Ismail and Hall, 1999 ), cabbage (Nyarko et al, 2008 ), cauliflower (Aleem et al, 2021 ) chickpea (Kumar et al, 2013 ), mungbean (Sharma et al, 2016 ), and cucumber (Ali et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Identification Of Tolerant Genotypes and Improving Adaptatio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abiotic stresses, mainly the high temperature (heat stress. HS), severely limit crop quantity, quality, nutritional status, and production (Boote et al, 2005 ; Aleem et al, 2021 ). High temperatures affect the overall growth and development of vegetable crops by altering morphology, physiology, and enzymatic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological and Molecular Approaches for Developing Thermotolerance in Vegetable Crops: A Growth, Yield and Sustenance Perspective

et al. 2022

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Vegetables are a distinct collection of plant-based foods that vary in nutritional diversity and form an important part of the healthy diet of the human being. Besides providing basic nutrition, they have great potential for boosting human health. The balanced consumption of vegetables is highly recommended for supplementing the human body with better nutrition density, dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. However, the production and quality of fresh vegetables are influenced directly or indirectly by exposure to high temperatures or heat stress (HS). A decline in quality traits and harvestable yield are the most common effects of HS among vegetable crops. Heat-induced morphological damage, such as poor vegetative growth, leaf tip burning, and rib discoloration in leafy vegetables and sunburn, decreased fruit size, fruit/pod abortion, and unfilled fruit/pods in beans, are common, often rendering vegetable cultivation unprofitable. Further studies to trace down the possible physiological and biochemical effects associated with crop failure reveal that the key factors include membrane damage, photosynthetic inhibition, oxidative stress, and damage to reproductive tissues, which may be the key factors governing heat-induced crop failure. The reproductive stage of plants has extensively been studied for HS-induced abnormalities. Plant reproduction is more sensitive to HS than the vegetative stages, and affects various reproductive processes like pollen germination, pollen load, pollen tube growth, stigma receptivity, ovule fertility and, seed filling, resulting in poorer yields. Hence, sound and robust adaptation and mitigation strategies are needed to overcome the adverse impacts of HS at the morphological, physiological, and biochemical levels to ensure the productivity and quality of vegetable crops. Physiological traits such as the stay-green trait, canopy temperature depression, cell membrane thermostability, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative water content, increased reproductive fertility, fruit numbers, and fruit size are important for developing better yielding heat-tolerant varieties/cultivars. Moreover, various molecular approaches such as omics, molecular breeding, and transgenics, have been proved to be useful in enhancing/incorporating tolerance and can be potential tools for developing heat-tolerant varieties/cultivars. Further, these approaches will provide insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms that govern thermotolerance and pave the way for engineering “designer” vegetable crops for better health and nutritional security. Besides these approaches, agronomic methods are also important for adaptation, escape and mitigation of HS protect and improve yields.

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Eco-physiological screening and genetic diversity analysis of tomato genotypes in response to summer heat.

Vijayakumar

Beena

2023

Preprint

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The impact of heat stress on agriculture is severe and negatively impacts crop productivity. In tropical and subtropical tomato-growing regions around the world, poor fruiting of tomato plants caused by heat stress is a major factor in low output. Exceeding optimum temperatures can shorten plant life and greatly accelerate fruit flowering and maturation. Temperatures above the reference temperature cause irregular flower development, reduced pollen production, pollen viability, fruit drop, ovule abortion, and ultimately reduced yield, generates an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and metabolic mechanism instability. High temperatures severely affect flower shedding, with tomato plants losing 80% of their flowers and reducing fruit set. For the characteristics pollen viability, photosynthetic rate, membrane stability and fruit number, high values of genotypic coefficient of variability, phenotypic coefficient of variability, heritability, and genetic progress were discovered. All nine separate traits demonstrated additive gene action in trait expression and should be given the utmost weight in phenotypic selection. Eigen value > 1 and cumulative variance of 75.04% were shown for the four main components.

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Impact of Heat Stress on Cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea var. Botrytis): A Physiological Assessment

Abstract: Cauliflower is a cool-season crop and temperature plays a critical role in curd induction. As on the basis of temperature requirement they are classified into early, mid and late season groups. However, most of the genotypes require an optimum temperature of 20-25

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Elucidating the role of key physio-biochemical traits and molecular network conferring heat stress tolerance in cucumber

Elucidating the role of key physio-biochemical traits and molecular network conferring heat stress tolerance in cucumber

Physiological and Molecular Approaches for Developing Thermotolerance in Vegetable Crops: A Growth, Yield and Sustenance Perspective

Eco-physiological screening and genetic diversity analysis of tomato genotypes in response to summer heat.

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