Impact of Endosulfan on Lactate Dehydrogenase from the Freshwater CatfishClarias batrachus

Shukla, Sachin; Shukla, S.P.

doi:10.1006/pest.1997.2278

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the experiment with endosulfan, a signi"cant reduction was found in insecticide-treated animals, especially at the highest concentration. Similar results were obtained by other authors in Clarias batrachus (Tripathi and Shukla, 1990;Mishra and Shukla, 1997) and in Barytelphusa guerini (Reddy et al, 1995). Thus, the activity of LDH was altered by exposure both to an organophosphate insecticide and to an organochlorine insecticide.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Novel Bioassay Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activities to Evaluate the Toxicity of Chemicals to Soil Isopods

Ribeiro

Guilhermino

Sousa

et al. 1999

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Novel Bioassay Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activities to Evaluate the Toxicity of Chemicals to Soil Isopods

Ribeiro

Guilhermino

Sousa

et al. 1999

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…A reduced V max and increase in K m value reflects the mixed competitivenoncompetitive nature of endosulfan. Mishra and Shukla (1997) have reported a mixed competitive-noncompetitive nature of endosulfan inhibition on LDH activity in Clarius batrachus. Similarly, the enzyme was inhibited in kidney tissue in endosulfan-exposed groups which was reflected in reduced V max , K m , and catalytic efficiency of enzyme from crude extract during the kinetic study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipotropes promote immunobiochemical plasticity and protect fish against low-dose pesticide-induced oxidative stress

Muthappa

Gupta

Yengkokpam

et al. 2014

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of different lipotropes in modulating immunity and biochemical plasticity under conditions of sublethal low-dose pesticide-induced stress in fish. Labeo rohita fish fingerlings were divided in two sets with one set of fish continuously exposed to low-dose endosulfan (1/10th of 96-h LC 50 ) for 21 days, the other was unexposed, and both sets of fish were fed with practical diets supplemented with either 2 % lecithin, 0.5 % betaine, or 0.1 % choline and compared against unsupplemented diet. Low-dose endosulfan exposure had adverse effects (P<0.05/P<0.01) on hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit), serum protein (total protein, albumin, and globulin) and lipid profile (cholesterol and triglyceride), anti-oxidative status (ascorbic acid content of muscle, liver, brain, and kidney and activity of anti-oxidative enzymes: catalase and superoxide dismutase), neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase activity in muscle and brain), immunological attributes (WBC count, albumin to globulin ratio, phagocytic activity, and serum cortisol), and metabolic plasticity as revealed from enzyme activities (muscle lactate dehydrogenase, liver and kidney glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase-G6PDH activity). Dietary lipotropes prevented these effects completely or partially and the effects were lipotrope dependent. Kinetics (maximum velocity value V max , catalytic efficiency and Michaelis constant K m ) of G6PDH enzyme from crude extracts of liver and kidney indicated inhibition due to endosulfan but lipotropes could protect enzyme and showed a stabilizing effect. The supplements also helped maintain integrity of histoarchitecture of the hepatocytes in endosulfan-exposed fish to a great extent. Feeding lipotropes to fish reared in endosulfan-free water also improved hematological and serum protein and lipid profiles and were immunostimulatory. In conclusion, dietary lipotropes, especially betaine and lecithin at the levels used, improve erythropoiesis, serum protein and lipid profile, anti-oxidant status, immunocompetence, neurotransmission, and protect the livers of L. rohita fingerlings even when continuously exposed to low-dose endosulfan.

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“…The present experiment aimed to elucidate the stress ameliorating and immunomodulatory role of microbial levan in C. carpio fry exposed to sublethal fipronil toxicity. Pesticides have been shown to inhibit the activity of several metabolic enzymes in fish (Mishra & Shukla ; Tripathi & Verma ). Like many toxic chemicals, fipronil has been well known to affect metabolic enzyme profile and thus can alter the physiological and biochemical responses of aquatic organisms [USEPA (U.S. Environmental protection Agency) ; Cary, Chandler, Volz, Walse & Ferry ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary microbial levan ameliorates stress and augments immunity inCyprinus carpiofry (Linnaeus, 1758) exposed to sublethal toxicity of fipronil

et al. 2012

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A 45-day feeding trial was conducted to study the stress ameliorating and immunomodulatory role of microbial levan in Cyprinus carpio fry exposed to sublethal dose (1/10th LC 50 ) of fipronil [(±)-5amino-1-(2,6-dichloro-a,a,a-trifluoro-p-tolyl)-4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole-3-carbonitrile].Two hundred and twenty-five fry were randomly distributed in five treatments in triplicates. Four purified diets were prepared with graded levels of microbial levan. Five different treatment groups were levan control L 0 P 0 (basalfeed + 0% levan without exposure to pesticide); pesticide control L 0 P 1 (basalfeed + 0% levan with exposure to pesticide); L 0.25 P 1 (basalfeed + 0.25% levan with exposure to pesticide); L 0.50 P 1 (basalfeed + 0.50% levan with exposure to pesticide) and L 0.75 P 1 (basalfeed + 0.75% levan with exposure to pesticide). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase) activites were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, whereas alkaline phosphatase (ALP), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and acetyl choline esterase (AchE) activities were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in higher levan-fed groups. RBC, haemoglobin and WBC counts were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the levan-fed groups. Similar trends were also observed for the total serum protein, globulin, NBT and lysozyme activities. Blood glucose and serum cortisol exhibited a third order polynomial relationship with increasing level of dietary levan. Overall result showed stress ameliorating, immunostimulating and protective role of microbial levan against fipronil-induced stress in C. carpio fry at 0.75% level of dietary levan supplementation.

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Impact of Endosulfan on Lactate Dehydrogenase from the Freshwater CatfishClarias batrachus

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Novel Bioassay Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activities to Evaluate the Toxicity of Chemicals to Soil Isopods

Novel Bioassay Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activities to Evaluate the Toxicity of Chemicals to Soil Isopods

Lipotropes promote immunobiochemical plasticity and protect fish against low-dose pesticide-induced oxidative stress

Dietary microbial levan ameliorates stress and augments immunity inCyprinus carpiofry (Linnaeus, 1758) exposed to sublethal toxicity of fipronil

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