Impact of Dietary Potassium Restrictions in CKD on Clinical Outcomes: Benefits of a Plant-Based Diet

Clegg, Deborah J.; Headley, Samuel; Germain, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.xkme.2020.04.007

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…However, in certain circumstances, such as an excess consumption of diuretics or during high levels of diarrhea or vomiting, a person can have hypokalaemia that, if detected, can be easily solved by Mg and K supplementation and/or adequate diet [ 302 ]. Moreover, a decrease in potassium concentration in basic foods has been detected in some countries, such as the USA, South Korea, and Mexico, where people living in food-insecure households owing to low income and poor diets and low consumption of fruits and vegetables have health problems associated with potassium deficiency [ 303 , 304 , 305 , 306 ]. Adequate levels of K + intake in humans are associated with a decreased risk of several important pathologies, such as high blood pressure [ 307 , 308 ] and cardiovascular [ 307 , 308 ] and renal diseases [ 307 ].…”

Section: K and Food Security And Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Sardans

Peñuelas

2021

Plants

195

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Potassium, mostly as a cation (K+), together with calcium (Ca2+) are the most abundant inorganic chemicals in plant cellular media, but they are rarely discussed. K+ is not a component of molecular or macromolecular plant structures, thus it is more difficult to link it to concrete metabolic pathways than nitrogen or phosphorus. Over the last two decades, many studies have reported on the role of K+ in several physiological functions, including controlling cellular growth and wood formation, xylem–phloem water content and movement, nutrient and metabolite transport, and stress responses. In this paper, we present an overview of contemporary findings associating K+ with various plant functions, emphasizing plant-mediated responses to environmental abiotic and biotic shifts and stresses by controlling transmembrane potentials and water, nutrient, and metabolite transport. These essential roles of K+ account for its high concentrations in the most active plant organs, such as leaves, and are consistent with the increasing number of ecological and agricultural studies that report K+ as a key element in the function and structure of terrestrial ecosystems, crop production, and global food security. We synthesized these roles from an integrated perspective, considering the metabolic and physiological functions of individual plants and their complex roles in terrestrial ecosystem functions and food security within the current context of ongoing global change. Thus, we provide a bridge between studies of K+ at the plant and ecological levels to ultimately claim that K+ should be considered at least at a level similar to N and P in terrestrial ecological studies.

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Section: K and Food Security And Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Sardans

Peñuelas

2021

Plants

195

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Studies have shown that the risk ratio for the progression of CKD was 1.59 in patients with a high-potassium diet compared to those with a low-potassium diet [19] . Excessive limitation of potassium intake may lead to hypokalemia [20] , malnutrition [21] , and increased risk of poor prognosis [22] . However, a study showed a controversial finding that dietary potassium was not associated with serum potassium levels [23] .…”

Section: The Impacts Of Diuretics Raas Indicators and Low Raaq Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Influencing Factors and a Prediction Model of Abnormal Serum Potassium in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Li¹

2022

Preprint

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Objective: The high incidence of abnormal serum potassium in patients with chronic kidney disease have resulted in frequent cardiovascular adverse events and even death. Through a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 273 patients with CKD, we analyzed the correlation between the general data of patients and serum potassium levels, and the risk factors for abnormal serum potassium, and constructed risk prediction models for abnormal serum potassium. Methods: In this paper, 273 patients with CKD who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected for this retrospective analysis. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence of abnormal serum potassium. Preliminary literature retrieval was conducted to extract the risk factors that might affect serum potassium. Independent sample t test was used to analyze the differences between two groups, Pearson or Spearman test was used to analyze the linear correlation of data, and Logistic regression equation was used to construct the multiple regression analysis. Results: The use of diuretics ( P =0.046), the use of renin-angiotensin and aldosterone (RAAS) inhibitors ( P =0.040) and low score of Renal Adherence Questionnaire (RAAQ) ( P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for abnormal serum potassium. There was a positive linear correlation between serum potassium and age, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, anion gap and RAAQ score in patients with CKD; each influencing factor was independent. Subgroup analysis showed that the use of diuretics, low RAAQ score and peritoneal dialysis were more likely to lead to hypokalemia, while hypertension, diabetes, use of RAAS inhibitors, low RAAQ score and hemodialysis were more likely to result in hyperkalemia. Conclusion: Poor compliance is a risk factor for abnormal serum potassium. On this basis, the use of diuretics and peritoneal dialysis may increase the risk of hypokalemia, and the use of RAAS, hypertension, diabetes, and peritoneal dialysis may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

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“…Studies have shown that the risk ratio for the progression of CKD was 1.59 in patients with a high-potassium diet compared to those with a low-potassium diet [19] . Excessive limitation of potassium intake may lead to hypokalemia [20] , malnutrition [21] , and increased risk of poor prognosis [22] . However, a study showed a controversial nding that dietary potassium was not associated with serum potassium levels [23] .…”

Section: The Impacts Of Diuretics Raas Indicators and Low Raaq Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Influencing Factors and a Prediction Model of Abnormal Serum Potassium in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Zheng

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective The high incidence of abnormal serum potassium in patients with chronic kidney disease have resulted in frequent cardiovascular adverse events and even death. Through a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 273 patients with CKD, we analyzed the correlation between the general data of patients and serum potassium levels, and the risk factors for abnormal serum potassium, and constructed risk prediction models for abnormal serum potassium. Methods In this paper, 273 patients with CKD who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected for this retrospective analysis. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence of abnormal serum potassium. Preliminary literature retrieval was conducted to extract the risk factors that might affect serum potassium. Independent sample t test was used to analyze the differences between two groups, Pearson or Spearman test was used to analyze the linear correlation of data, and Logistic regression equation was used to construct the multiple regression analysis. Results The use of diuretics (P = 0.046), the use of renin-angiotensin and aldosterone (RAAS) inhibitors (P = 0.040) and low score of Renal Adherence Questionnaire (RAAQ) (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for abnormal serum potassium. There was a positive linear correlation between serum potassium and age, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, anion gap and RAAQ score in patients with CKD; each influencing factor was independent. Subgroup analysis showed that the use of diuretics, low RAAQ score and peritoneal dialysis were more likely to lead to hypokalemia, while hypertension, diabetes, use of RAAS inhibitors, low RAAQ score and hemodialysis were more likely to result in hyperkalemia. Conclusion Poor compliance is a risk factor for abnormal serum potassium. On this basis, the use of diuretics and peritoneal dialysis may increase the risk of hypokalemia, and the use of RAAS, hypertension, diabetes, and peritoneal dialysis may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

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Impact of Dietary Potassium Restrictions in CKD on Clinical Outcomes: Benefits of a Plant-Based Diet

Cited by 49 publications

References 94 publications

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Potassium Control of Plant Functions: Ecological and Agricultural Implications

Analysis of Influencing Factors and a Prediction Model of Abnormal Serum Potassium in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Analysis of Influencing Factors and a Prediction Model of Abnormal Serum Potassium in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

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