Impact of delivery mode on the colostrum microbiota composition

Toscano, Marco; Grandi, Roberta De; Peroni, Diego; Grossi, Enzo; Facchin, Valentina; Comberiati, Pasquale; Drago, Lorenzo

doi:10.1186/s12866-017-1109-0

Cited by 81 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Additionally, at the genus level, the proportion of Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, and Neisseriaceae family was also undetectable at D0 but increased from D3 to D14. Several investigators have reported [41,42] the presence of microbes in the colostrum and indicated that colostrum (vaginally delivered vs. cesarean delivered) had significantly lower abundance of Pseudomonas sp, Staphylococcus sp, and Prevotella sp. In addition, several studies have reported [43][44][45] that bacteria commonly found in breast milk include Streptococcus, Veillonella, Gemella, Enterococcus, Clostridia, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Sphingomonas, Serratia, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Ralstonia, Bradyrhizobium, Propionibacterium, Actinomyces, and Corynebacterium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturation of the Goat Rumen Microbiota Involves Three Stages of Microbial Colonization

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2019

Animals

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With increasing age, the rumen microbiota of new-born ruminants become central in the translation of fibrous feed substances into essential nutrients. However, the colonization process of the microbial community (especially fungal community) remains poorly understood in ruminants at pre-weaning stages. In this study, the rumen bacterial and fungal colonization processes were investigated in goats at eight stages using amplicon sequencing. For bacteria, we found 36 common core genera at D0, D3, D14, D28, and D56, including mainly Bacillus, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Prevotella_1, Lactococcus, and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214. Firmicutes was the dominant phylum among the total microbiota in newborn goat kids (prior to nursing), while Bacillus, Lactococcus, and Pseudomonas were predominant genera. Interestingly, the proportion of Bacillus was as high as 55% in newborn animals. After milk nursing, the predominant phylum changed to Bacteroidetes, while the proportion of Bacillus and Lactobacillus was very low. CowPi was used to predict the functional gene pathways and we found increases in the abundance of genes associated with amino acid related enzymes, DNA repair and recombination proteins, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, and peptidases after D3. With regard to fungi, we found that there were 51 common genera at day 0 (D0), D3, D14, D28, and D56, including mainly Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, and Caecomyces. Aspergillus occupied approximately 47% at day 0, but then it decreased from day 3 to day 14. This study indicates that the core microbes of rumen emerged shortly after birth, but the abundance was very different from the core genus of the adult rumen. In addition, we also report a detailed scheme of the bacterial and fungal colonization process in rumens and propose three distinct stages during the rumen colonization process in pre-weaning goats, which will offer a reference for the development of milk substitutes for small ruminants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturation of the Goat Rumen Microbiota Involves Three Stages of Microbial Colonization

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…However, a recent study investigated the microbiota composition of human milk collected in a nonaseptic environment, corresponding to "Breastfeeding-associated microbiota of human milk" rather than human milk microbiota (Simpson et al, 2018). Most studies on milk microbiota have used mature milk, but few have investigated colostrum microbiota in human and bovines (Aakko et al, 2017;Lima et al, 2017;Toscano et al, 2017;Derakhshani et al, 2018c). Some studies considered milk collected from only one nipple or teat, whereas others considered pooled milk (Dolci et al, 2014;Chaves Lopez et al, 2016).…”

Section: Milk Microbiota: Current Studies and Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About?

et al. 2020

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The development of powerful sequencing techniques has allowed, albeit with some biases, the identification and inventory of complex microbial communities that inhabit different body sites or body fluids, some of which were previously considered sterile. Notably, milk is now considered to host a complex microbial community with great diversity. Milk microbiota is now well documented in various hosts. Based on the growing literature on this microbial community, we address here the question of what milk microbiota is. We summarize and compare the microbial composition of milk in humans and in ruminants and address the existence of a putative core milk microbiota. We discuss the factors that contribute to shape the milk microbiota or affect its composition, including host and environmental factors as well as methodological factors, such as the sampling and sequencing techniques, which likely introduce distortion in milk microbiota analysis. The roles that milk microbiota are likely to play in the mother and offspring physiology and health are presented together with recent data on the hypothesis of an enteromammary pathway. At last, this fascinating field raises a series of questions, which are listed and commented here and which open new research avenues.

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“…In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that some environmental factors might influence breast milk composition (25)(26)(27). In particular, geographic location, delivery mode, maternal body mass index (BMI), and age have been suggested to have an impact on breast milk bacterial composition (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), although their potential impact on the milk's fungal fraction is still to be elucidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mycobiome Profiles in Breast Milk from Healthy Women Depend on Mode of Delivery, Geographic Location, and Interaction with Bacteria

Boix-Amorós

Puente-Sánchez

Toit

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Recent studies report the presence of fungal species in breast milk of healthy mothers, suggesting a potential role in infant mycobiome development. In the present work, we aimed to determine whether the healthy human breast milk mycobiota is influenced by geographical location and mode of delivery, as well as to investigate its interaction with bacterial profiles in the same samples. A total of 80 mature breast milk samples from 4 different countries were analyzed by Illumina sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region, joining the 18S and 5.8S regions of the fungal rRNA region. Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were found to be the dominant phyla, with Malassezia and Davidiella being the most prevalent genera across countries. A core formed by Malassezia, Davidiella, Sistotrema, and Penicillium was shared in the milk samples from the different origins, although specific shifts in mycobiome composition were associated with geographic location and delivery mode. The presence of fungi in the breast milk samples was further confirmed by culture and isolate characterization, and fungal loads were estimated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting the fungal ITS1 region. Cooccurrence network analysis of bacteria and fungi showed complex interactions that were influenced by geographical location, mode of delivery, maternal age, and pregestational body mass index. The presence of a breast milk mycobiome was confirmed in all samples analyzed, regardless of the geographic origin. IMPORTANCE During recent years, human breast milk has been documented as a potential source of bacteria for the newborn. Recently, we have reported the presence of fungi in breast milk from healthy mothers. It is well known that environmental and perinatal factors can affect milk bacteria; however, the impact on milk fungi is still unknown. The current report describes fungal communities (mycobiota) in breast milk samples across different geographic locations and the influence of the mode of delivery. We also provide novel insights on bacterium-fungus interactions, taking into account environmental and perinatal factors. We identified a core of four genera shared across locations, consisting of Malassezia, Davidiella, Sistotrema, and Penicillium, which have been reported to be present in the infant gut. Our data confirm the presence of fungi in breast milk across continents and support the potential role of breast milk in the initial seeding of fungal species in the infant gut.

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Impact of delivery mode on the colostrum microbiota composition

Cited by 81 publications

References 29 publications

Maturation of the Goat Rumen Microbiota Involves Three Stages of Microbial Colonization

Maturation of the Goat Rumen Microbiota Involves Three Stages of Microbial Colonization

Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About?

Mycobiome Profiles in Breast Milk from Healthy Women Depend on Mode of Delivery, Geographic Location, and Interaction with Bacteria

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