Impact of delays on a consensus-based primary frequency control scheme for AC systems connected by a multi-terminal HVDC grid

Dai, Jing; Phulpin, Yannick; Sarlette, Alain; Ernst, Damien

doi:10.1109/irep.2010.5563281

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We show in Dai et al (2010) that the system can be destabilized for time delays of a few hundred milliseconds. This motivates the proposal of a second control scheme, that does not rely on explicit communication.…”

Section: Power-injection-based Control Schemementioning

confidence: 93%

“…We have presented the ideas behind this work to power systems researchers, see Dai, Phulpin, Sarlette, and Ernst (2010, 2011, 2012. The goal of this paper is to provide (i) a comprehensive decentralized control viewpoint on the algorithms; and (ii) a new theoretical study of the equilibria and their stability, holding for non-identical subsystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cooperative frequency control with a multi-terminal high-voltage DC network

et al. 2012

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a b s t r a c tWe consider frequency control in power systems made of several non-synchronous AC areas connected by a multi-terminal high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grid. We propose two HVDC control schemes to make the areas collectively react to power imbalances, so that individual areas can schedule smaller power reserves. The first scheme modifies the power injected by each area into the DC grid as a function of frequency deviations of neighboring AC areas. The second scheme changes the DC voltage of each converter as a function of its own area's frequency only, relying on the physical network to obtain a collective reaction. For both schemes, we prove convergence of the closed-loop system with heterogeneous AC areas.

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Section: Power-injection-based Control Schemementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative frequency control with a multi-terminal high-voltage DC network

et al. 2012

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“…An assumption of a delay free communication is applied in the study. However, frequency control provided using a MTDC network is shown to be degraded as the communication time delay increases within [35]. Stability issues may arise when the time delay exceeds a certain threshold leading to undamped frequency oscillations that are more profound as values of controller gain increase.…”

Section: Multi Terminal DC Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stability issues may arise when the time delay exceeds a certain threshold leading to undamped frequency oscillations that are more profound as values of controller gain increase. Autonomous local control is an alternative to overcome the impact of the delays that may cause instability described in [35].…”

Section: Multi Terminal DC Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

VSC-HVDC for Frequency Support (a review)

Fradley

Preece²,

Barnes³

2017

13th IET International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (ACDC 2017)

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To reduce CO2 emissions produced by electricity generation, conventional fossil fuel power plants are being decommissioned. Renewable energy sources (RES) and interconnectors are replacing these old power plants but have different operating characteristics. A key concern as the conventional fossil fuel power plants are displaced is the reduction in system inertia. A reduction in system inertia will require faster control schemes to be implemented to prevent frequency and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) limits from being exceeded. Frequency response schemes that can emulate inertia, often called synthetic inertia, are required and this will necessitate the need for fast controlled devices. VSC-HVDC is a desirable interface option for the power levels and controllability required to provide synthetic inertia. This paper reviews supplementary frequency control schemes applied to VSC-HVDC and co-ordinated control strategies applicable to HVDC connected systems and islanded systems.

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“…The challenges consist of the faster time-scales of MTDC systems, as well as the lack of a globally measurable arXiv:1411.1864v2 [math.OC] 11 Dec 2015 variable corresponding to the AC frequency. In [9], [10], [23], [6], decentralized controllers are employed to share primary frequency control reserves of AC systems connected through an MTDC system. Due to the lack of a communication network, the controllers induce static control errors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distributed Controllers for Multiterminal HVDC Transmission Systems

Andreasson

Dimarogonas

Johansson

2017

IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.

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Abstract-High-voltage direct current (HVDC) is an increasingly commonly used technology for long-distance electric power transmission, mainly due to its low resistive losses. In this paper the voltage-droop method (VDM) is reviewed, and three novel distributed controllers for multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) transmission systems are proposed. Sufficient conditions for when the proposed controllers render the equilibrium of the closed-loop system asymptotically stable are provided. These conditions give insight into suitable controller architecture, e.g., that the communication graph should be identical with the graph of the MTDC system, including edge weights. Provided that the equilibria of the closed-loop systems are asymptotically stable, it is shown that the voltages asymptotically converge to within predefined bounds. Furthermore, a quadratic cost of the injected currents is asymptotically minimized. The proposed controllers are evaluated on a four-bus MTDC system.

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Impact of delays on a consensus-based primary frequency control scheme for AC systems connected by a multi-terminal HVDC grid

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 31 publications

References 8 publications

Cooperative frequency control with a multi-terminal high-voltage DC network

Cooperative frequency control with a multi-terminal high-voltage DC network

VSC-HVDC for Frequency Support (a review)

Distributed Controllers for Multiterminal HVDC Transmission Systems

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