Impact of culturing conditions on the abundance and composition of long chain alkyl diols in species of the genus Nannochloropsis

Balzano, Sergio; Villanueva, Laura; Bar, Marijke de; Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe; Schouten, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.02.006

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Long chain keto-ols were not detected and mid-chain hydroxy methyl alkanoates were only present in trace amounts. This lipid composition is in good agreement with previous studies of the lipids of Nannochloropsis species (Volkman et al, 1992(Volkman et al, , 1993Olofsson et al, 2012;Mitra et al, 2015;Balzano et al, 2017;Zhang and Volkman, 2017). Analysis of the sediment and sea water from the Dutch Wadden Sea used, did not show the presence of LCDs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The occurrence of C 14 , C 16 and C 18 saturated fatty acids and the C 20:5 PUFA in Nannochloropsis oculata is consistent with earlier studies of the lipid composition of Nannochloropsis species (Volkman et al, 1993;Olofsson et al, 2012;Xiao et al, 2013;Mitra et al, 2015;Balzano et al, 2017). These lipids showed significant decreases in concentration when exposed to aerobic conditions during 271 days of incubation, to the point of non-detection in the case of the C 20:5 PUFA.…”

Section: Impact Of Oxygen Exposure On the Abundance Of Fatty Acids Ansupporting

confidence: 90%

“…C 28 to C 32 1,13-and 1,15-LCDs have been identified in cultures of freshwater and marine Eustigmatophyte algae, e.g. Nannochloropsis oculata and Nannochloropsis oceanica (Volkman et al, 1992Gelin et al, 1997;Mejanelle et al, 2003;Shimokawara et al, 2010;Rampen et al, 2014a;Balzano et al, 2017;Zhang and Volkman, 2017), but the diol distributions in marine environments are dissimilar to those of cultured algae (Volkman et al, 1992;Versteegh et al, 1997;Rampen et al, 2012Rampen et al, , 2014a, suggesting unknown marine sources. LCDs in algal cell material of Eustigmatophytes and in the sediment have been shown to occur in different forms, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The impact of oxygen exposure on long-chain alkyl diols and the long chain diol index (LDI) – a long-term incubation study

Reiche

Rampen

Dorhout

et al. 2018

Organic Geochemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tIn recent years, long chain alkyl diols (LCDs) have been used increasingly to study and reconstruct past sea surface temperatures using the long chain diol index (LDI), which is based on changes in the distribution of 1,15-LCDs. However, the impact of diagenesis on LCDs and the LDI is still poorly constrained. Here we studied the impact of oxygen exposure on LCDs and the LDI, by aerobically incubating biomass of the LCD-producing alga Nannochloropsis oculata for 271 days. The concentrations of extractable freeand bound, residually ester-bound and residually-bound glycosidic ether-or amide-bound saturated fatty acids and LCDs were determined. A significant impact of oxygen exposure was observed for C 14 , C 16 and C 18 saturated fatty acids and the C 20:5 polyunsaturated fatty acid, as their concentration decreased significantly over time, irrespective of their mode of binding. LCDs, in contrast, increased significantly in concentration over incubation time, e.g. up to a 30-fold increase in concentrations for residually ester-bound LCDs at day 125 compared to concentrations at the beginning of the experiment. This increase in concentration most likely represents a release of LCDs from the insoluble biopolymer algaenan due to the impact of oxygen exposure. Values of the LDI differed strongly depending on the mode of occurrence of LCDs in the biomass. However, despite the large changes in concentration of LCDs in response to oxygen exposure, the LDI remained relatively stable after prolonged degradation. This suggests that oxygen exposure may not have a substantial impact on the LDI of extractable LCDs used for its determination.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Impact Of Oxygen Exposure On the Abundance Of Fatty Acids Ansupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of oxygen exposure on long-chain alkyl diols and the long chain diol index (LDI) – a long-term incubation study

Reiche

Rampen

Dorhout

et al. 2018

Organic Geochemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2014) or nitrogen deprivation (Pal et�al. 2011), such culture manipulations do not increase the cellular concentration of LCAs, LCDs, and LCHFAs significantly (Balzano et�al. 2017), suggesting that these compounds are unlikely to serve as storage lipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2017), suggesting that these compounds are unlikely to serve as storage lipids. Instead, their decrease under hydrogen peroxide-driven oxidative stress suggests a protective role for LCAs, LCDs, and LCHFAs in Nannochloropsis cells (Balzano et�al. 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols inNannochloropsisspp. (Eustigmatophyceae)

Balzano

Villanueva

Bar

et al. 2019

Plant and Cell Physiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated potential biosynthetic pathways of long chain alkenols (LCAs), long chain alkyl diols (LCDs), and long chain hydroxy fatty acids (LCHFAs) in Nannochloropsis oceanica and Nannochloropsis gaditana, by combining culturing experiments with genomic and transcriptomic analyses. Incubation of Nannochloropsis spp. in the dark for 1 week led to significant increases in the cellular concentrations of LCAs and LCDs in both species. Consistently, 13C-labelled substrate experiments confirmed that both LCA and LCD were actively produced in the dark from C14–18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation/hydroxylation, although no enzymatic evidence was found for the former pathway. Nannochloropsis spp. did, however, contain (i) multiple polyketide synthases (PKSs) including one type (PKS-Clade II) that might catalyze incomplete fatty acid elongations leading to the formation of 3-OH-fatty acids, (ii) 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratases (HADs), which can possibly form Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids, and (iii) fatty acid elongases (FAEs) that could elongate 3-OH-fatty acids and Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids to longer products. The enzymes responsible for reduction of the long chain fatty acids to LCDs and LCAs are, however, unclear. A putative wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA): diacylglycerol acyltransferase is likely to be involved in the esterification of LCAs and LCDs in the cell wall. Our data thus provide useful insights in predicting the biosynthetic pathways of LCAs and LCDs in phytoplankton suggesting a key role of FAE and PKS enzymes.

show abstract

Lipids of Geochemical Interest in Microalgae

Volkman¹

2018

Hydrocarbons, Oils and Lipids: Diversity, Origin, Chemistry and Fate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impact of culturing conditions on the abundance and composition of long chain alkyl diols in species of the genus Nannochloropsis

Abstract: Impact of culturing conditions on the abundance and composition of long chain alkyl diols in species of the genus Nannochloropsis

Cited by 18 publications

References 65 publications

The impact of oxygen exposure on long-chain alkyl diols and the long chain diol index (LDI) – a long-term incubation study

The impact of oxygen exposure on long-chain alkyl diols and the long chain diol index (LDI) – a long-term incubation study

Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols inNannochloropsisspp. (Eustigmatophyceae)

Lipids of Geochemical Interest in Microalgae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About